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- W34635522 abstract "ABSTRACT Professor (Fredrik) William Houlder Zachariasen began, at age 24, his 44 years on the University of Chicago faculty, an academic career which progressed through Professor of Physics, Department Head, and Dean of the Physical Sciences. His long career resulted in an outstanding book and over 200 publications, most of which were singly authored. These articles appeared over a period of 55 years and covered in depth a range of topics whose central theme was that of x-ray diffraction. Thirteen years later, in late 1943, Zachariasen began his fruitful involvement with the Metallurgical Laboratory of the University of Chicago at a very critical point. The Metallurgical Laboratory was the center for the intensive studies needed for plutonium separation processes which would be used in the major production facilities. By mid-1943, intensive microscale studies of the chemistry of plutonium, including the chemistry of solids containing it, were well underway under the direction of Glenn Seaborg. Zachariasen made early and extraordinary contributions to plutonium chemistry and its separation processes when x-ray powder diffraction was the only analytical tool available to decipher the components present in the microgram samples of (usually impure) plutonium compounds. He was simply unique in his ability to derive quantitative information from what is usually regarded as hopelessly complex data – a powder diffraction pattern of a multicomponent mixture. He studied hundreds of samples and provided identification of most of the plutonium compounds and phases important to separation processes; he first deduced from cell constant data on the dioxides the magnitude of the 5f element contraction, and labeled the new series, thorides. He first deduced the unique, multiple structures of plutonium metal. Zachariasen established a self-consistent set of atomic and ionic radii and their dependence on coordination number, and formulated and improved his quantitative relationships involving bond lengths and their dependence on the strength and number of bonds. Zachariasen was clearly the father of plutonium crystal chemistry." @default.
- W34635522 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W34635522 date "1982-01-01" @default.
- W34635522 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W34635522 title "THE ROLE OF W. H. ZACHARIASEN IN ACTINIDE RESEARCH" @default.
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- W34635522 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-029193-2.50008-0" @default.
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