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- W347877993 abstract "Financial Intermediation in a Less Developed Economy: History of the United Bank of India By Indrajit Mallick and Sugata Marjit Sage Publications, New Delhi, 2008; Pages: 274; Price: Rs. 795 ISBN: 978-0-7619-3656-5 At the outset, I would like to caution the readers that for this book one should try to understand the intention of the authors only by reading the complete title Financial Intermediation in a Less Developed Economy: History of the United Bank of India, otherwise there is every possibility to think that it is financial intermediation in the country, although the authors delve with the basic queries of the nature of banking and the characteristics of financial intermediation and the need for a robust financial system in the process of financial intermediation and the relationship with economic growth and development. authors have used the case of United Bank of India (UBI) and observed that the theoretical framework is inadequate in many respects to answer the important institutional questions and can be delved extensively only through a proper historical investigation. entire book consists of seven chapters, apart from the introduction, where the authors present the arguments of eminent scholars in the area like Allen, Gale, Gurley, McKinnon, Miller, Schumpeter, Kunt,' Levine, Greenhood, Robinson, Keynes, Goldsmith, etc. and observed that the financial system in general and banking in particular play a crucial and critical role in the process of economic development. translates economic growth into costly useful financial innovation - leading to risk sharing, liquidity and the return on capital ultimately achieving the economic growth. To present the state of Bengal as a case for discussion in terms of less developed economy, the authors narrate the status of banks in Bengal. They observe that the banks could contribute to the economic development of small peasants, artisans, traders, transport operators, etc., in the post-nationalization era and on the other hand, industrial sickness in the key sectors like jute, tea and heavy engineering, poor performance of agriculture and outflow of capital in Bengal brought about the labot unions, etc., robbed the chances of banks to earn a higher return on assets. In the first chapter, The Roots, the authors discuss the socio-economic background of banking in the state of Bengal and observe that the stringency and inelasticity of money and credit supply of the colonial money system continued to exist in the system in Bengal. growth and expansion of financial institutions was hurdled with the diversion of funds towards the two world wars and also the basic nature of money being fiat. Discussing the history of banking in Bengal, the authors perceive that the uncertainty of currency, disrupted credit networks and colonial legislation, did not allow the banks in Bengal to grow and as well lead to failures. authors then discuss the growth and development of Bengal Central Bank Ltd., Comilla Corporation Ltd., and New Standard Bank which acted as the roots in the process of formation of United Bank of India, along with a brief discussion of financial entrepreneurs and the socio-economic factors influencing the formation and growth of the above banks. In the second chapter, Banking Crisis and the Metger, the authors discuss the legal environment of banking and the changes made by the different acts to define banking in India, followed by the Crisis and the reasons substantiating the crisis. authors believe that the Second World War and the Bengal Agricultural Debtor's Act, lowering the loan amount to half without interest, have put the banks in an unstable position. And, also feel that in the first half of the 20th century, Bengal faced enormous macroeconomic risks which were unhedged. authors also observe that the banking system could not smooth out the inter- temporal risks through accumulation of reserves and good capital base sufficiently, due to their involvement in lending for the assets in the boom time arising out of speculation. …" @default.
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