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- W348623732 abstract "The Future According to Pogo Direct Satellite-to-Home: Just Around the Corner? This is the title of an article in the October 22, 1979 issue of Television/Radio Age. It estimated that between 2,000 and 3,000 downlinks existed and that the cost of a barebones earth station was around $10,000. The article speculated on the development of $2,000 downlink packages, but stated at that price is does not seem likely that they will sell in numbers great enough to materially affect that broadcast audience size. Today, as reported in the October 7, 1987 issue of Satellite Times, there are 1.8 million home satellite downlinks. Though not massive, this market is clearly significant. I would estimate that students at nearly 1,000 sites, coast-to-coast and border-to-border, are currently enrolled in high school, credit-bearing, satellite-delivered programs in science, mathematics, language (foreign and English), the arts and social studies. And these programs are delivered by only two vendors--a private corporation, TI-IN Network, on the one hand, and the Arts and Sciences Teleconferencing Service (ASTS) of a large public university, Oklahoma State University, on the other. Concurrently, engineers and scientists in dozens of corporate locations are receiving credit towards advanced degrees, relying upon programming generated by the 24 participating universities of the National Technological University. And finally, the federal government has funded the multimillion-dollar Star Schools program to expand the delivery of televised educational services to an even larger audience of schools. Why are we now seeing a rebirth of interest in the nationwide dissemination of instruction via TV? The reasons are many, and somewhat dependent upon the audience being served; but the market is certainly need-driven and highly entrepreneurial. LEt me cite two examples. Raising the Requirements In 1982, faculty in the College of Arts and Sciences at Oklahoma State University (OSU) voted to raise the requirements for obtaining a degree. Part of the package stipulated that a student must either present evidence of two years of a single foreign language taken in high school or take one year at the university level. Many students took this to mean that they had to have two years of foreign language for entry into the university. This posed no particular problem for the larger school districts, but Oklahoma has many rural schools. It has 611 school districts, 75 percent of which have an Average Daily Attendance (ADA) of less than 800. So the university heard screams of anguish from the smaller districts. Their objections were of three types: there was an inadequate supply of foreign language teachers; there were too few students to justify hiring a teacher; and/or they couldn't afford to hire another teacher. Having generated the problem, the college felt obligated to seek a solution. Fortunately the solution was close to home: a newly constructed, multimillion-dollar telecommunications center at OSU, complete with a 10-meter C-band uplink. A meeting with a group of superintendents during the Fall of 1983 elicited the commitment from ten districts to participate in a distance-learning experiment. Let me emphasize the need-driven nature of this cooperative effort. The superintendents had next to convince their boards of education to spend approximately $10,000 of the district's money for equipment and an additional $1,600 for a course fee. In effect, they gambled that OSU could deliver on its promise to provide effective programming for their students, using a delivery method that neither the university faculty nor the public schools had any familiarity with! Consider, moreover, that universities have historically been highly unreliable in their dealings with the public schools, and you will quickly recognize that without their urgent need it is unlikely that superintendents would have been willing to participate in such a chancy enterprise. …" @default.
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- W348623732 date "1989-02-01" @default.
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- W348623732 title "The Future According to Pogo" @default.
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