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• W349360125 abstract "INTRODUCTION Over the last one hundred years concern over the status of children worldwide has led to an unprecedented international demand for and focus on children's rights.1 Nonetheless, the abuse of children is still a global problem-particularly affecting female children.2 Although historically children's rights did not develop along gender lines,3 there exists a traditional link between women's and children's rights. The historical development of both groups' rights reflects the common belief that women and children need special protection because they are weak.4 The link between women's rights and the rights of the female child, however, has not been developed to any significant degree.5 This gap derives from the general notion that women's and children's rights are inherently incompatible, and that as such, humanrights instruments must deal with them separately.6 Yet, no one denies that throughout the world female children suffer abuses based on their gender.7 Female excision, bride burning, female infanticide, sex slavery and tourism, and servile marriage all affect the female child because she is female and a child-both positions of vulnerability in many societies. The very existence of such gender-specific abuses undermines the proposition that women's and children's rights are mutually exclusive. Particularly for the adolescent female child, the separation of women's and children's rights may result in dual discrimination, based on her gender and her age. As the female child nears the age of majority, the state provides her with less protection, and the female child experiences increased defenselessness.8 For the female child this is particularly problematic; as she matures, the female adolescent is more vulnerable to human-rights abuses.9 Although both the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) and the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) address the rights of children and women respectively, neither instrument adequately contemplates the unique abuses-those based on age and sex-encountered by the female child.10 This Note analyzes the problems the female child experiences and examines the various international legal responses to such problems. Part II outlines the obstacles and abuses the female child suffers in different areas of the world as a direct result of her gender. Part III examines what is meant by children's rights and looks at different theoretical approaches to children's rights. Part III then traces the historical development of children's rights through the various international agreements that specifically address protection of children, as well as other significant international human-rights instruments that have affected children's rights. Part IV analyzes the applicable provisions of the UNCRC, CEDAW, and other human-rights documents created in response to these abuses. Part IV also attempts to demonstrate how an integration of the provisions of CEDAW and the UNCRC better protects female children from discrimination based on gender. The Note concludes by arguing that a new, integrated, accommodative approach that combines aspects of both the UNCRC and CEDAW must be developed to establish standards to adequately prevent the global abuSe of female children. II. PROBLEMS FACING THE FEMALE CHILD A. Health Issues In general female adults and children have limited access to adequate health care facilities in comparison to their male counterparts.11 Estimates show female children are three times more likely to suffer from malnutrition than male children.12 Women and girls in developing villages spend an average of four hours per day in search of drinking water.13 In addition, female children are less likely to receive sufficient nutrition or continuing pediatric care after birth14 because they are often considered less important and productive than their male counterparts. …" @default.
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• W349360125 date "1996-01-01" @default.
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• W349360125 title "The International Human Rights of the Child: Do They Protect the Female Child?" @default.
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