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• W35244893 abstract "The purpose of this study was to determine the extent and focus of therapeutic recreation programs offered within substance abuse treatment facilities for adolescents. Randomly selected activity therapists were asked to identify their job title, as well as characteristics of their agency, staff, and therapeutic recreation programs. The modal response to job title was department head. Fewer than half the facilities offered a therapeutic recreation program for adolescents. Leisure education/counseling, sports, and community leisure activities were the most frequently offered programs. The goals most often cited were to improve social skills, improve self-esteem/self-efficacy and improve the level of cooperation/trust. Factors that inhibited the development of a comprehensive recreational therapy program were shortages in staff, recreational resources and space, and funding for services. Types of assistance needed to improve programming were a list of how to initiate activities for adolescent substance abusers, consultation by a Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialist (CTRS), and printed resources on leisure education/counseling. According to Newcomb and Bentler (1988), the and abuse of psychoactive chemicals, including illicit drugs, alcohol, prescription and over-the-counter medication and cigarettes has become a major national and international problem affecting all segments of society. Embedded within the context of this growing problem is the and abuse of drugs and alcohol by youth. A 1990 report issued by the National Institute of Mental Health stated that America is wasting its most precious natural resource: its children and (Babor, Del Boca, McLaney, Jacobi, Higgins-Biddle, & Hass, 1991, p. 77). Babor et al. (1991) report that over 12 percent of America's children and adolescents suffer from mental disorders, many of which are associated with drug and alcohol use, and substance abuse has been implicated in increased rates of adolescent suicide, violence, and homicide (Hanson & Venturelli, 1995). Alcohol and drug related accidents are the number one cause of death for adolescents and young adults in this country (Edwards, 1989). Indeed, Center for Disease Control statistics (Cited in Edwards, 1989) demonstrate a continuing trend of shortened life expectancy for persons ages 15 to 24 clearly related to alcohol and drug use. It has been noted (Newcomb & Bentler, 1988) that adolescent experimentation is not the issue; real concerns emerge when the experimental leads to regular or abuse. Newcomb & Bentler (1988) have asserted that teenagers who psychoactive chemicals may inhibit important developmental tasks and growth may be stunted or delayed. Other risk factors related to alcohol and drug include environmental, behavioral, psychological, and social attributes (Newcomb & Bentler, 1988). The 1992 and 1993 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (SAMHSA, 1995) confirm recent increases in drug abuse by youth and reveal that many of these young substance abusers are experiencing significant problems because of their use (p. 9). Furthermore. a recent study of alcohol and drugs on American college campuses (Presley, Meilman, & Lyerla, 1995) reiterates that alcohol and drug on campus negatively effect individual students and the entire campus community. Alcohol continues to be most common drug of choice for college students and the heaviest drinkers receive the lowest grades. Students perceived legal difficulties. violence, and suicidal thoughts as consequences of drinking, and binge drinking was a prevalent pattern of use. Other drugs used frequently were tobacco and marijuana (24.2%). Significantly, more than 50% of students responding to this national survey were under 20 years old. Many programs have been developed to promote prevention, or to provide treatment for adolescents with substance abuse problems. The models of substance abuse treatment for adolescents have emphasized treating the whole person and the need for overall lifestyle change (Kunstler, 1992). …" @default.
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• W35244893 date "1996-10-01" @default.
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• W35244893 title "Therapeutic Recreation Programs for Adolescents in Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities" @default.
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