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• W36142662 abstract "The aim of this research was to develop a 'transportable' water quality model for theSolent and Southampton Water estuarine system, as a part of an effort to examine the effects ofhuman activity and natural processes on estuarine water quality. Dissolved oxygen (DO), as amain indicator of water quality, is influenced by physical, chemical and biological processes, andhas been chosen as the core parameter to link the different processes to be modelled.Monthly surveys of DO, planktonic community respiration rates and other water qualityparameters (temperature, salinity, chlorophyll, suspended particulate matter, inorganic nutrientsetc.) in the Itchen Estuary and Southampton Water were conducted from January 1998 to April1999. DO data shows that Southampton Water is a relatively healthy estuary, despite receivingconsiderable loads of oxygen demanding organic sewage effluent discharged from a number ofpoints. A persistent moderate DO sag (DO saturation > 80%) was observed in the upper ItchenEstuary throughout the year. In the lower Itchen Estuary and Southampton Water, the waters wereDO saturated during the non-phytoplankton growth season. Surface DO supersaturation wasobserved during the phytoplankton growth season especially during algal blooms, but no severeDO depletion was detected following the bloom collapse. Community respiration rates maintaineda substantial level in the upper Itchen estuary, while in the lower estuary respiration rates werelow during the non-phytoplankton season and increased during the phytoplankton growth season.It is suggested that the high winter respiration rate in the upper Itchen Estuary are sustained byinputs from external sources (rivers, sewage and industrial effluents) and that the summer increasein the lower estuary is a consequence of phytoplankton photosynthesis. Nutrients in the ItchenEstuary and Southampton Water show mainly conservative behaviour in a plot of nutrientconcentration against salinity. The removal of the nutrients by phytoplankton activity occurred athigh salinities during the spring to summer period.A 3-D finite element baroclinic hydrodynamic model with two-equation q2-q2l turbulenceclosure has been developed including a mass conservation scheme. The model successfullysimulated the tides, tidal currents, and estuarine circulation in the Southampton Water and Solentestuarine system. The modelled tidal induced residual currents and water mass transportation inSouthampton Water and the Solent have been examined. Model results show the existence of apredominant westward tidal induced residual current in the Solent. The tidal induced residualwater mass transport is extremely limited in Southampton Water, except near the entrance toSouthampton Water, where it joins the Solent. The estuarine circulation with surface, seawardflowing fresher water and bottom, landward flowing saltier water provides the main mechanismfor water mass transport in the model. The short residence time of waters in the estuary estimatedfrom the survey salinity data confirmed how effective the estuarine circulation is for sea waterfrom the Solent to replace the water within Southampton Water. The trapping effect of estuarinecirculation is also crucial for the water quality in the estuary.A water quality model has been developed and coupled with the 3-D hydrodynamicmodel. The water quality model consists of an external (dissolved oxygen-biochemical oxygendemand) model, which models the direct impact of external inputs (riverine discharge, domesticand industrial effluents) to the water quality, and an internal model, which simulates the impact oflocal estuarine phytoplankton growth on the water quality. DO and dissolved inorganic nutrientsare the 'link substances' between the external model and internal model. The integrated waterquality model output has been compared against the survey data for 1998, and has been shown toreproduce the spatial and temporal change in oxygen, nutrients, chlorophyll and planktonicrespiration in Southampton Water." @default.
• W36142662 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W36142662 creator A5082622024 @default.
• W36142662 date "2000-03-01" @default.
• W36142662 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W36142662 title "Development and application of a three-dimensional water quality model in a partially-mixed estuary, Southampton Water, UK" @default.
• W36142662 hasPublicationYear "2000" @default.
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