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• W377896663 startingPage "2125" @default.
• W377896663 abstract "Table of ContentsI. Introduction 2126II. Supreme Court Decisions: Defining the Scope of the or Clause 2127A. Defining Speech or Debate 2128B. Defining not be questioned in any other Place 2137III. The Circuit Split: The or Clause and Its Application to Document Review 2140A. The D. C. Circuit: United States v. Rayburn House Office Building 2141B. The Ninth Circuit: United States v. Renzi 2143TV. Resolving the Split: Narrowing the Scope of the Legislative Privilege 2146A. A Look at the Text of the or Clause 2146B. The Legislative Privilege and the Framers'Intent 2148C. The or Clause and the Need for Legislative Accountability 2160V. Proposed Solution: Limiting the or Clause and Increasing Legislative Accountability ......... 2166A. Document Nondisclosure and the Scope of the Phrase not be questioned in any other Place 2166B. Narrowing the Meaning of Legislative Acts 2167VI. Conclusion 2168I. IntroductionArticle I, Section Six, Clause One of the American Constitution provides that Senators and Representatives:shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be privileged from Arrest during their Attendance at the Session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any or in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place.1This language, known as the or Clause (the Clause), sets forth the legislative privilege.2 Like the President's executive privilege, the legislative privilege permits legislators to refuse to disclose information protected by the Clause. Since the Clause's inception, the Supreme Court has interpreted it broadly and has continually expanded the breadth of the privilege given to legislators.3 Such interpretations have enabled self-interested legislators to abuse the privilege by shielding their misconduct from the Judiciary, the Executive, and the public.4 Moreover, this improper broadening of the legislative privilege has precluded needed inquiry into legislators' actions.5The Supreme Court has not indicated whether the privilege granted by the or Clause permits legislators to refuse to disclose documents relating to legislative actions.6 The Ninth and D. C. Circuits, however, have considered this question.7 The D. C. Circuit broadly interpreted the Clause and determined that it privileges legislators' documents.8 In contrast, the Ninth Circuit decided that when the legislative action at issue is not protected by the privilege, the Clause does not prohibit the review of relevant documents referencing legislative acts.9In Part II, this Note explains the current interpretation of the or Clause as set forth by Supreme Court decisions. Part III discusses the D. C. and Ninth Circuit cases creating the circuit split regarding the privilege's application to document disclosure. Part TV analyzes the or Clause using textual, historical, and ethical constitutional interpretive methods. …" @default.
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• W377896663 date "2012-10-01" @default.
• W377896663 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W377896663 title "Limiting the Legislative Privilege:Analyzing the Scope of theSpeech or Debate Clause" @default.
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