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- W39274078 abstract "Most callus and suspension cultures derived from explants of herbaceous plants and trees that produce mono and sesquiterpenes do not accumulate products under conventional conditions. Alkaloid synthesis and accumulation is associated with that of monoterpenes, and not with any particular gland or structure in the tissues of higher plants. It is also presumably associated to their sesqui-homo-logs and resides in variously identified secretory cells, resin or oil ducts, hair, glandular epithelial cells and trichomes. Often, it is considered that some degree of differentiation of callus tissue is necessary to enable the lower terpenes to accumulate. Unfortunately, it is not clear what inter or intracellular structures are required as most cultures, which have been found to accumulate terpenes, have been inadequately characterized morphologically and electronic microscopic evidence is lacking. Therefore, it is probably best to define differentiation in the required sense as movement away from meristematic activity toward cellular maturation at the biochemical level. Whether the explanation of general lack of terpene accumulation in callus cultures is because of autonecrosis or presence of uncompartmented degrative enzymes, the solution is to induce sufficient differentiation to allow for storage structures to be formed, either as specialized glands and ducts or intracellulary as vacuoles, without pushing on the stage of plantlet regeneration. Several techniques have been developed to generate or improve terpenoid biosynthesis in cell cultures. The simplest is the use of submerged morphogenic cultures derived from callus cultures. Another approach is to induce polyploidy by colchicine treatment." @default.
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- W39274078 date "1988-01-01" @default.
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- W39274078 title "Monoterpenes and Sesquiterpenes" @default.
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- W39274078 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-715005-5.50015-7" @default.
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