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• W41862130 abstract "INTRODUCTIONThis photo essay shows pictures from the 2012 gubernatorial campaigns in Jakarta, Indonesia.1 It covers the two main pairs of candidates in the field: then- incumbent Governor Fauzi Bowo (Foke) and his running mate Nachrowi Ramli (Nara) versus challenger Joko Widodo (Jokowi) and his running mate Basuki Tja- haja Purnama. The photos give an impression of the great contrasts between the candidates and their respective campaigning styles.Fauzi Bowo and Nachrowi Ramli relied primarily on typical strongman tactics including money politics, voter intimidation, ethnic and religious discriminati- on, and the mobilization of various allied groups from their patronage network, but also staged media events and expensive advertising. The team carried out two main kinds of public campaign events: The first consisted of staged media events mostly held at their media center for journalists only; the second type took place outdoors and usually involved VIP pavilions, a stage, and micropho- nes to bridge the distance between speakers and voters. A lineup including local leaders, strongmen, and party allies delivered long-winded speeches of support and even the occasional threat of consequences for voters, should the election result be unfavorable. In addition, there were also closed-door events for selec- ted audiences and widespread 'black campaigning' (discriminatory, illegal, or otherwise morally dubious strategies such as defamation, falsehoods, and perso- nal attacks). Despite both teams having been accused of black campaigning, the attacks by the Foke-Nara campaign were perceived as more obvious, widespread, and often particularly nasty. It was a major part of their campaign strategy, par- ticularly in the second, more aggressive election round. Pamphlets attacking the moderate Muslim and Javanese Jokowi or the Christian and Chinese-Indonesian Basuki were frequently distributed. Hate sermons against both candidates were frequently heard in conservative mosques, and social media such as Twitter were also utilized for the smear campaigns. This black campaigning was aimed at polarizing between a predominantly Muslim electorate and the non-Muslim minorities of Jakarta as well as between the local ethnic group Betawi and other ethnic groups, in particular Chinese-Indonesians.While Indonesian election campaigns are typically complex and may involve a wide range of other strategies as well, the abovementioned should be recognized rather as standard features than exceptions - especially when a powerful and rich in- cumbent is seeking reelection. A typical example of such an incumbent, Fauzi Bowo was expected to win an easy first-round victory. Yet, against all expectations, the ra- dically different campaign strategy of challenger Joko Widodo resulted in a surpri- sing lead in the first round and an even more pronounced victory in the second (first round: Jokowi-Basuki 43 percent versus Fauzi-Nara 34 percent, second round: JB 54 percent versus FN 46 percent). …" @default.
• W41862130 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W41862130 date "2014-06-15" @default.
• W41862130 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W41862130 title "Intimidation Versus Inclusion: New Strategies in Indonesian Election Campaigning" @default.
• W41862130 doi "https://doi.org/10.14764/10.aseas-2014.1-9" @default.
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