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• W41867141 abstract "Platelet activation and inhibition are tightly balanced processes, regulated by various endogenous molecules. In this regard, the endothelium plays a key role in mediating inhibition of platelets by releasing nitric oxide (NO) and cAMP-elevating prostaglandins.The present study put emphasis on drugs that activate directly or modulate the NO/cGMP signalling pathway.The specific aims were i) to compare two different NO-containing compounds; namely the S-nitrosothiol SNAP and the oxatriazole derivative GEA 3175; ii) to evaluate the mechanism of drug action of the nitrosoamine dephostatin; iii) to investigate cross-talk mechanisms between the NO/cGMP and the cAMP signalling pathways. These studies were perfom1ed using human blood platelets and iliac arteries obtained from pigs.The present data revealed that SNAP but not GEA 3175 released detectable amounts of NO. Despite that, both compounds elevated cGMP, inhibited rises in [Ca2+]i and stimulated phosphorylation of vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP). Moreover, the results showed that NO/cGMP-induced inhibition of Ca2+ responses, but not NO/cGMP-mediated V ASP phosphorylation, was rapidly desensitised. The results showed that an unstable NO-donor more effectively induced desensitisation.Dephostatin, originally characterised as a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) inhibitor, was found to modulate the NO/cGMP signalling in a complex way. More specifically, dephostatin is an effective NO-scavenger and surprisingly, it also serves as a source of NO and thereby induces cGMPmediated vasorelaxation. In platelets, dephostatin abolished NO/cGMP-mediated inhibition of cytosolic Ca2+, but augmented NO/cGMP-induced VASP phosphorylation.cGMP-induced inhibition of type 3 phosphodiesterases (PDE3) enhanced adenosine-mediated inhibition of platelets. This effect was of main importance for the suppression of several platelet responses. However, inhibition of Ca2+ influx was another cGMP-specific mechanism contributing to a powerful inhibition of the platelets.In conclusion: The present results show that release of NO from drug molecules is not a prerequisite for NO/cGMP-mediated cellular and intracellular responses. On the contrary, drug stability in terms of NO-release appears to be crucial in platelet desensitisation to NO. Therefore it is important to gain more knowledge about the NO/cGMP-signalling pathway regarding future drug design of NO-containing drugs. The findings presented in this thesis suggest that dephostatin can prove to be a very useful tool in this area of research." @default.
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• W41867141 date "2012-01-01" @default.
• W41867141 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W41867141 title "The nitrosoamine dephostatin interacts with nitric oxide/cGMP signalling and modulates cytosolic calcium responses in human platelets" @default.
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