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• W4200012812 endingPage "100459" @default.
• W4200012812 startingPage "100459" @default.
• W4200012812 abstract "Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f. sp. cubense (E.F. Smith) Snyder & H.N. Hansen (Foc) is a notorious soil-borne fungal pathogen that causes Fusarium wilt disease of bananas (Musa spp. L.). Foc, especially Tropical Race 4 (TR4), is particularly devastating due its ability to infect diverse banana cultivars including Cavendish bananas. Fusarium wilt is difficult to manage, but intercropping has been reported to efficiently suppress Fusarium wilt through exudation of root metabolites with antagonistic effects on Foc. Yet, the metabolites that inhibit Foc and the underlying mode of action remain unclear. Hydroponic culture and targeted metabolite profiling were used to investigate the potential of root-exuded phenolic acids and flavonoids of two legume species, Desmodium uncinatum (Jacq.) DC. and Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC., to inhibit growth and the biosynthesis of the phytotoxins beauvericin and fusaric acid (FA) in Foc TR4. Of the twelve metabolites targeted, four phenolic acids (benzoic, t-cinnamic, p-coumaric, p-hydroxybenzoic) were common in root exudates of both legumes, whereas vanillin and the flavonoid quercetin were only detected in root exudates of M. pruriens. Bioassays using synthetic benzoic-, t-cinnamic-, or p-hydroxybenzoic acid, or a mixture thereof, showed a concentration-dependent suppressive effect on Foc TR4. Low concentrations of phenolic acids (0.01 and 0.1 mM) inhibited chlamydospore germination and the production of macro- and micro-conidia, as well as the biosynthesis of FA. Mycelial growth of Foc TR4 was only inhibited at high concentrations (1 mM) of benzoic acid, t-cinnamic acid, and a mixture of the three phenolics. This study demonstrates that phenolics in root exudates of D. uncinatum and M. pruriens suppress Foc TR4 by directly inhibiting the early stages of pathogen development. Intercropping banana with D. uncinatum and M. pruriens may thus be considered as a valuable option for suppression of Foc TR4." @default.
• W4200012812 created "2021-12-31" @default.
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• W4200012812 date "2022-03-01" @default.
• W4200012812 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W4200012812 title "Phenolics mediate suppression of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 by legume root exudates" @default.
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• W4200012812 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhisph.2021.100459" @default.
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