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• W4200114402 abstract "Epidemiological studies indicate that the fatty acid composition of diets may be important in the pathogenesis of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In previous studies, a high ratio of omega-6 fatty acids to omega-3 fatty acids in diets and tissues has been reported as a risk factor for NCDs, that is, coronary artery disease, hypertension, atherosclerosis, stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cancer, and other chronic diseases The Western-type diet is generally proatherogenic, characterized by energy-dense, refined, ready-prepared foods with a high glycemic index and unhealthy lipids and poor in omega-3 fatty acids, phytochemicals, and fiber. A lower intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids in conjunction with a deficiency of flavonoids and polyphenolics, as found in today’s Western diets, may promote the risk of NCDs. These diets are rich in total fat, trans fat, and refined carbohydrates, and the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio varies from 20 to 50 in various countries. Recently, increased intake of the omega-6 fatty acids linoleic acid and arachidonic acid have been found to protect against cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and all-cause mortality. Increased intake of such diets is associated with the antiinflammatory state in the human body, with a decline in oxidative stress resulting in a significant reduction in CVDs and other chronic diseases. Both omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids influence gene expression and possess antiinflammatory effects, which may increase in the presence of flavonoids in the diets. Increased dietary intake of omega-6 fatty acid significantly reduces the apparent atherogenic effect of genotype, whereas increased dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have similar effects. Recent studies indicate that both dietary omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids, including marine omega-3 fatty acids, EPA, and DHA inhibit leukotriene-, thromboxane-, and prostaglandin-mediated tissue inflammation, thereby leading to a decreased risk of NCDs. It is possible that proinflammatory Western diets and inflammation in the tissue are the main issues for development of NCDs. New approaches include Mediterranean-type diets rich in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and fish with low consumption of red meat and poultry, along with high concentrations of linoleic acid– and alpha-linolenic acid–rich foods, such as rape seed oil, mustard oil, canola oil, and olive oil, which may modulate inflammation and may be protective against NCDs." @default.
• W4200114402 created "2021-12-31" @default.
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• W4200114402 date "2022-01-01" @default.
• W4200114402 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W4200114402 title "Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acid–rich diets and risk of non-communicable diseases" @default.
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