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- W4200213065 endingPage "485" @default.
- W4200213065 startingPage "449" @default.
- W4200213065 abstract "Coronaviruses (CoVs) are large, enveloped, (+)ssRNA viruses classified in four genera, α , β , γ , and δ , globally distributed in many animal species. α - and β-CoVs infect also humans and are associated to common cold, some highly pathogenic β-CoVs may cause severe respiratory syndromes such as SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV and lastly SARS-CoV-2, the etiopatologic agent of COVID-19. These β -CoVs have emerged as important human pathogens through the animal-to-human spill-over, a process underling the risk of future CoV zoonoses. The scientific community has intensified research on vaccines and drug treatments for COVID-19. The availability of direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs) against SARS-VoV-2 will improve COVID-19 management and may represent an additional prophylactic option for high-risk individuals. While stimulating the research of broad-spectrum DAAs is of pivotal importance to face potential future pandemics from new emerging CoVs. Many efforts focus on the nsp12 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and the Main or 3CL protease (3CL pro ), that are the most characterized targets and have the highest degree of conservation among CoVs. However, the only DAA authorized to date for COVID-19 is Remdesivir, a repurposed nsp12 RdRp nucleotide (NI) inhibitor with modest efficacy and requires iv administration. Other clinical candidates are the oral NI Molnupiravir and two 3CL pro peptidomimetic inhibitors, the iv PF-07304814 and the oral PF-07321332. Furthermore, inhibition of Spike mediated viral entry is another promising approach to prevent/treat CoVs infection. Entry inhibitors have been investigated but still only at the preclinical level, representing the future challenge of medicinal chemistry. COVID-19 drug discovery and medicinal chemistry against CoVs represent a compelling and rapidly evolving research area, which is analysed in this book chapter." @default.
- W4200213065 created "2021-12-31" @default.
- W4200213065 creator A5037425032 @default.
- W4200213065 creator A5044099332 @default.
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- W4200213065 date "2021-12-03" @default.
- W4200213065 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W4200213065 title "A Focus on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ( <scp>SARS</scp> ) Coronavirus ( <scp>SARS‐CoVs</scp> ) 1 and 2" @default.
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