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- W4205096541 abstract "EricCunningham Dax (1908-2008); A Tribute Obituary Eric Cunningham Dax, who died on 29 January just a few months short of reaching his ton, had more in common with Don Bradmanthan a love of cricket and year of birth. Both men were outstandingintheirchosen fields, impressive as administrators,turnedtheir hand to writing for lay audiences during their careers, and were complex and highly driven individuals. To those old enough to remember Dr. Dax or Cunningham Dax, as he was usually called, head of Victoria's Mental Hygiene Authority from 1952 to 1968, he had a larger-than-life persona and the influence to match. Tough, tenacious and politically savvy, he was tall, preposterously perpendicular, impeccably dressed, arrestingly courteous and spoke with the rounded diction of a Shakespearean actor. He lived a life in two halves, the first spent in England and the second in Australia. Born at Eastwood, near Nottingham, he was the older of two children. His mother, Alice Mills, a close friend of D. H. Lawrence, established a nursing federation and social services for miners' wives while his father, Henry, one of a long line of apothecaries, held duel qualifications in pharmacy and optometry. Dax broke with family tradition and did his medical training at London University, graduating with honours in 1933. He studied psychiatry at St. Mary's Medical School, London, and gained clinical, pathological and research experience at Barnwood House, a private mental hospital in Gloucester, inthepsychiatric unitsof theLondonCountyCouncil General Hospitals at Lewisham and Dulwich, and at Leavesden Hospital. His real strength, administration, was recognised in 1939 when he was appointed Deputy Superintendent of the 2000-bed Netherne Hospital, Surrey, home to many patients said to have chronic and incurable mental diseases. Two years later he was appointed Superintendent and, with characteristic gusto, set about transforming it. Health&History, 2008. 10/1 167 168 OBITUARY He considered himself fortunateto graduatein medicine and enter psychiatry 'at a time which exactly coincided with a series of remarkable discoveries which have revolutionised the care of the mentally ill throughout the world.' New therapies that impressed him included convulsion-inducing treatments using the chemicals, Metrazol and Cardiazol, and electric currents (electroconvulsive therapy or ECT); insulin coma therapy; and leucotomy (lobotomy). Under Dax, patients at Netherne with the most severe and disabling forms of mental illness such as schizophrenia and entrenched depression for whom little else made a difference, were exposed to these and other treatments such as arttherapyand psychotherapy, along with opportunities to take partin industrialrehabilitation activities. In 1951, Dax and his wife of 16 years, Kathleen ('Katie'), a nurse, read an advertisement for the position of inaugural Chairman of Victoria's Mental Hygiene Authority (later the Mental Health Authority- MHA). His decision to apply for the job coincided with his growing unease about the impact on psychiatry of England's National Health Scheme (NHS), introduced in 1945. His application was one of seventeen all told, and one of eight lodged in London. When Australian journalist, Rohan Rivett, arrived at the Dax home to tell him he had been selected, he was flabbergasted. Some months had passed since he applied, and he and his wife had completely forgotten about it! By the time he arrived in Victoria with his family at the end of 1951, he had read a 1950 report on the mental health system written by Professor Alexander Kennedy of Durham University and had corresponded with him. As well as problems of overcrowding, under-staffing, poor morale and 'archaic' facilities, Kennedy told him about undercurrentsin the Victorian mental health scene not detailed in the report. He warned that 'one's attitudeandactions out thereareinterpretedon a sectarian basis' and reported that 'the only people who had received any promotion were all Catholics and that many people who were anxious to criticise the Mental Health Service were not doing so because of religious loyalties.' Retrospectively Dax did not think these comments clouded his relationship with one of his most able Superintendents, Dr. John Cade, an active Catholic who pioneered lithium therapy (initially used to counter manic excitement). But they probably didn't help, especially Health& History • 10/1 • 2008 169 in the highly charged atmosphere of the early- to mid-1950s when sectarian tensions..." @default.
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- W4205096541 date "2008-01-01" @default.
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- W4205096541 title "Eric Cunningham Dax (1908-2008); A Tribute" @default.
- W4205096541 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/hah.2008.0028" @default.
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