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• W4205146150 abstract "Reviewed by: Black Panther in Exile: The Pete O’Neal Story by Paul J. Magnarella Raymond A. Winbush Black Panther in Exile: The Pete O’Neal Story. By Paul J. Magnarella. (Gainesville and other cities: University Press of Florida, 2020. Pp. xiv, 267. $35.00, ISBN 978-0-8130-6329-4.) “Revisionist history” is a phrase often used pejoratively to describe a historical correction that attempts to lessen the negative portrayal of a historical figure or event. With the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, there is a great need for such revision since its history is plagued with exaggeration, myth, and lies primarily from hostile witnesses, including the FBI. Paul J. Magnarella’s Black Panther in Exile: The Pete O’Neal Story is a valuable addition to this correction of history and provides details about one of the most important members of the Black Panther Party, Felix “Pete” O’Neal. Though Magnarella served as O’Neal’s attorney, his biography of O’Neal is accurate and objective without being hagiographic in its analysis of his client’s exile in Tanzania. One of the most important offerings of the book is the detailed analysis of the judicial misconduct and errors made during O’Neal’s 1970 trial, in which he was facing charges of transporting a shotgun across the Kansas-Missouri state line in Kansas City. These bogus accusations were the inevitable result of J. Edgar Hoover’s internal surveillance network known as COINTELPRO (Counter Intelligence Program), which entrapped targeted individuals whom Hoover considered a danger to the United States. Fearing for their lives, O’Neal and his wife, Charlotte, fled to Algeria, where they joined Eldridge and Kathleen Cleaver and other Panthers who were part of the International Section of the Black Panther Party. Magnarella’s integration of O’Neal’s own words describing his harassment, trial, exile, and rebuilding of his family is mesmerizing. It provides a most needed correction to the narrative of O’Neal’s “lawlessness” spewed forth by Hoover and his minions at the FBI. O’Neal’s detailed history of the events surrounding his case is compelling since it provides new information about how intentional and obsessed the United States government was/is about destroying the so-called Black Messiahs whom Hoover morbidly feared. It would seem that O’Neal’s narrative would be primarily about politics and danger, but I was struck by how he manages to detail the humor of being in exile. At one point, O’Neal explains, “We became farmers. We made and sold cakes. We made birthday cakes. I have even made breakfast cereal. Would you believe I made things like Cheerios, where you stamp out each individual one!” (p. 141). This book adds to the necessary revisions emerging about the Black Panther Party and the lives that it changed. It expands our knowledge about the infamous COINTELPRO era and about how, despite the program’s terrible deeds, many of its victims have lived long and productive lives. Magnarella shares a heartwarming story about an evening in Tanzania when O’Neal was surrounded by children from O’Neal’s Leadership of Tomorrow Children’s Home: “They address Pete affectionately as babu (grandfather). The children were silently watching a PBS Nature video on a large screen and enjoying a treat that Pete had gotten them in Arusha. I apologized to Pete for delaying the writing of a book about his legal case. My excuse, I told him, was that I had been hoping for a positive legal outcome, a happy ending. Pete spread his arms out, as if to embrace the children seated around him, and replied, ‘Paul, this is my happy ending!’” (p. 244). [End Page 749] Raymond A. Winbush Morgan State University Copyright © 2021 The Southern Historical Association" @default.
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• W4205146150 title "Black Panther in Exile: The Pete O’Neal Story by Paul J. Magnarella" @default.
• W4205146150 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/soh.2021.0148" @default.
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