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• W4205882015 abstract "International Women's Day, on March 8, provides an opportunity to highlight the contributions of women around the world and reflect on the gains in gender equity that have been lost during the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has had a harmful effect on women, especially those who were already disadvantaged, and has widened health and social inequities. Rises in gender-based violence, child marriage, and school dropouts of girls, reduced access to sexual and reproductive health services, and economic insecurities due to job loss, withdrawal from the workforce, and stalled career progression are a blow to gender equity everywhere. Long under-recognised, but now brutally magnified in a locked down world where the middle class in particular has to care for itself at home, society's reliance on paid and unpaid domestic work demands more attention. The domestic, emotional, and caring labour and lower status essential work that keep families and households together, also known as reproductive labour, is essential to health. Maintaining hygiene and safety, such as by cooking, cleaning, feeding, and “doing the dirty work”, is mostly done by women, and particularly women of colour. As a result, such women form the bedrock of our economy and societies. COVID-19 has exposed the ways in which women's low-value work has been taken for granted and the discrimination and lack of status it is given. Health-promoting domestic work is largely ignored by health systems and economic estimates. Silvia Federici, a scholar in domestic labour, comments: “Domestic labour is a form of gendered economic oppression and an exploitation upon which all of capitalism rests.” Better wages and conditions and inclusion of this labour in gross domestic product (GDP) are needed to properly value this work. Taking an intersectional lens to gender here will be crucial. The Lancet Commission, Women and Health: the key to sustainable development, published in 2015, showed that the majority of both paid and unpaid contributions to producing health and health care come from women, as part of the labour force and within communities and families. The authors found that women's unpaid contributions to health care in the health system in 2010 was equal to 2·35% of global GDP—almost US$1·5 trillion. These women provide a substantial hidden subsidy for global health systems, yet, 5 years later, remain unrecognised and undervalued in official estimates of the value of the health sector. The links between value, caregiving, and gender equality are at the core of the work underway to expand and update the estimates of paid, underpaid, and unpaid health work first produced for the Lancet Commission. If caregiving is undervalued and underpaid, women will be undervalued and underpaid; and if women are undervalued and underpaid, caregiving will be undervalued and underpaid. This is a vicious duality for women and health. The solution is to seek a gender balance in caregiving and work, where men are also able to enjoy the benefits of being able to have time to care for their loved ones. One in which domestic labour and caregiving are valued. With increased work flexibility and children returning to school, this change could be catalytic both for women's progression in the labour force and for achieving a gender balance in caregiving. The next steps in the work begun by the 2015 Commission will be the production of country-specific estimates of the value of gender-equitable labour market work, caregiving, and health-promoting domestic labour. As countries look to post-COVID-19 recovery, there is an urgent need for institutions and governments to redesign economies more equitably. They should be based on feminist, intersectional, and anti-racist principles that generate understanding of the inextricable link between, and need for social systems of, child care, value, and pay for domestic labour. Several pandemic recovery plans that espouse those principles have emerged. Recovery from the pandemic also calls us to think about the importance of investing in health and social care more generally, which will have the effect of freeing up the time of women who are the main producers of the unpaid care and unpaid caregiving by alleviating the burden of non-communicable disease and other long-term conditions and disabilities. COVID-19 has harmed the health and economic security of women worldwide. But the pandemic has also made the invisible contribution of women to health care much more apparent and provided important momentum to advocate for its measurement, recognition, and fair compensation with no disparities due to sex. This opportunity must be seized. For more on how COVID-19 has impacted women and girls see https://interactive.unwomen.org/multimedia/explainer/covid19/en/index.html?gclid=Cj0KCQiAst2BBhDJARIsAGo2ldXJ9FtR4b5cdzNb_nF10Hr08WiW8N60y06165CtUNIQ-alYRLEYUDIaAvKREALw_wcBFor more on the economic effects of lockdown on women see https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/17/magazine/waged-housework.html?referringSource=articleShareFor an example of a principled recovery plan see https://www.feministrecovery.ca/ For more on how COVID-19 has impacted women and girls see https://interactive.unwomen.org/multimedia/explainer/covid19/en/index.html?gclid=Cj0KCQiAst2BBhDJARIsAGo2ldXJ9FtR4b5cdzNb_nF10Hr08WiW8N60y06165CtUNIQ-alYRLEYUDIaAvKREALw_wcB For more on the economic effects of lockdown on women see https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/17/magazine/waged-housework.html?referringSource=articleShare For an example of a principled recovery plan see https://www.feministrecovery.ca/ Women and Health: the key for sustainable developmentGirls' and women's health is in transition and, although some aspects of it have improved substantially in the past few decades, there are still important unmet needs. Population ageing and transformations in the social determinants of health have increased the coexistence of disease burdens related to reproductive health, nutrition, and infections, and the emerging epidemic of chronic and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Simultaneously, worldwide priorities in women's health have themselves been changing from a narrow focus on maternal and child health to the broader framework of sexual and reproductive health and to the encompassing concept of women's health, which is founded on a life-course approach. Full-Text PDF" @default.
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• W4205882015 date "2021-03-01" @default.
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• W4205882015 title "Do we care about who cares?" @default.
• W4205882015 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00518-3" @default.
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