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• W4206137674 abstract "<strong class=journal-contentHeaderColor>Abstract.</strong> According to Modern-Era Retrospective Research Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA-2) temperature and wind datasets in 2019, this study presents the global variations in the eastward-propagating wavenumber 1 (E1), 2 (E2), 3 (E3) and 4 (E4) planetary waves (PWs) and their diagnostic results in the polar middle atmosphere. We clearly demonstrate the eastward wave modes exist during winter periods with westward background wind in both hemispheres. The maximum wave amplitudes in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) are slightly larger and lie lower than those in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). Moreover, the wave perturbations peak at lower latitudes with smaller amplitudes as the wavenumber increases. The period of the E1 mode varies between 3–5 d in both hemispheres, while the period of the E2 mode is slightly longer in the NH (<span class=inline-formula>∼</span> 48 h) than in the SH (<span class=inline-formula>∼</span> 40 h). The periods of the E3 are <span class=inline-formula>∼</span> 30 h in both the SH and the NH, and the period of E4 is <span class=inline-formula>∼</span> 24 h. Despite the shortening of wave periods with the increase in wavenumber, their mean phase speeds are relatively stable, <span class=inline-formula>∼</span> 53, <span class=inline-formula>∼</span> 58, <span class=inline-formula>∼</span> 55 and <span class=inline-formula>∼</span> 52 m/s at 70<span class=inline-formula>^∘</span> latitudes for E1, E2, E3 and E4, respectively. The eastward PWs occur earlier with increasing zonal wavenumber, which agrees well with the seasonal variations in the critical layers generated by the background wind. Our diagnostic analysis also indicates that the mean flow instability in the upper stratosphere and upper mesosphere might contribute to the amplification of the eastward PWs." @default.
• W4206137674 created "2022-01-25" @default.
• W4206137674 date "2021-07-20" @default.
• W4206137674 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W4206137674 title "Comment on acp-2021-461" @default.
• W4206137674 doi "https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-461-rc1" @default.
• W4206137674 hasPublicationYear "2021" @default.
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