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• W4206200115 abstract "EDITORIAL Cite asfollows: Osborne, B.2013, Editorial. Biology and Environment: Proceedings ofthe Royal Irish Academy 2013.DOI:10.3318/ BIOE.2013.17. NEW 2012 IMPACT FACTOR Therecent announcement ofjournal impact factors hasresulted in theusualflurry ofactivity, andthe causesof movements, both up and down, are already beinganalysed anddebated in somedetail. Formany ofus,however, there isstill somewhat of a mystery about how the impactfactorsare allocated, a subject dealtwithpreviously in Biology andEnvironment , andthejustification fortheir use. Moreover, the use of impactfactors forreasons other than assessing journal qualityhas been seriously questioned recently bysomeoftheleading scientific publications. As I havesaidpreviously theimpact factor is oneofthemetrics that we should be cognisant ofin our driveto improvethe qualityof Biology and Environment. One ofthebiggest challenges forusis to promote a moreinternational dimension to the research published while at the same timestill covering locally important, high-quality science. Table 1 (overleaf) setsout someofthebasic statistics relating totheimpact factors for Biology and Environment from 2010-2012. Thereareclearly positive trends inboththe2yearand5 -year impact factors, andrather thanthe decrease predicted inmyeditorial invol. 113Issue 1, therehasactually beenan increase, withmore citable articles published in 2012 andan improvementin our ranking in thelistof environmental journals.These are encouraging results, but 'one swallowdoesn'tmakea summer' and continued effort will be required to further improvethese statistics. We alsoneedto be pragmatic aboutour likelyachievements, given the natureof the research published inthe journalandthecontinued needtoappealto a wideaudience. IN THIS ISSUE FUNGAL TRANSFORMERS Most of us, when we thinkof how the major elemental and nutrient cyclesare regulated and controlled, immediately focus ontheprokaryotes as theimportant organisms. While recognising the remarkable metabolic flexibility and diversity of prokaryotes, anothergroup of organisms, the eukaryotic fungi, areincreasingly seenasperforminga number ofessential roles.Fungiform a range of partnerships withotherorganisms, oftenmutually beneficial, aswellasco-existing withorganismsina free-living state, whichdemonstrates that theyhave considerable metabolic flexibility too, including thecapability toactasagents ofbiological change.It is perhaps not.surprising therefore that theseancient organisms arenow intimately linked toa number ofimportant biogeochemical processes thatwe are critically dependenton. Geoffrey Gadd, in our thirdPraeger Review, provides a wide-ranging assessment oftherole(s)offungi in biogeochemical processes - a topicnowreferred to asgeomycology - highlighting their significance for a numberof processes,includingweathering, nutrient/ elemental cycling andbiomineral formation .He alsoidentifies a number ofwaysinwhich fungican be put to practical use as biological engineers and how theycan be usedin environmental biotechnology, bioremediation ofcontaminatedenvironments beingone examplethathas already metwithsomesuccess. As withallthings, however, there isa downside, andfungi canhavea rangeofadverse effects iftheseorganisms arenot closely controlled andtheir usecarefully regulated. Thisissomething wearealltoofamiliar with, given thatcertain fungi are someof theworld'sworst diseases ofcrops. Inthefuture asdemands for more sustainable, low-cost, low-input production systems increases exploitation of thecapacity of fungiin nutrient cycling, inparticular, willlikely increase, as willtheir usetorestore degraded lands. A RED IN THE BED? Whilemost ofusarefamiliar withthecolourful red algae/seaweeds ofourcoastal shores many maynot be aware of the small,but not insignificant, numbers of red macroalgae foundin freshwater systems. Unusually, theseareoften lessnoticeable becauseofthepresence ofpigments thatobscure theredpigmentation thatcharacterises thegroup. Not so members belonging to thegenusBangia , one of which,B. atropurpúrea, can be foundin freshwaters and another, B. fuscopurpurea , in with marine environments. Whether theseactually represent distinct species is,asBoelens and Minchin pointoutin thisissue,a mootpoint - theBangia , ingeneral, areabletotolerate significant variations insalinity, giving them a capacity tosurvive inboth marineand freshwater environments. The first recordof Bangia in LoughDergwas recorded in 1972andatthattimethere werethought to be a relatively small number ofindividuals. Thisstudy of BoelensandMinchin, however, indicates that there isa moreextensive Bangia population herethan was DOI:10.3318/BIOE.2013.17 Biology andEnvironment: Proceedings oftheRoyalIrish Academy, Vol.113B, No.2,i-iii (2013).©RoyalIrish Academy i Biology and Environment Table 1- Statistics relatingto theimpactfactorsforBiology andEnvironment from2010-2012. Metric 2010 2011 2012 2Yr Impact Factor 0.425 0.415 0.656 5YrImpact Factor 0.617 0.606 0.764 2Yr IF Ranking forEnvironmental Sciences 183of193 191of205 180of209 CitableItems Published 15 10 25 Immediacy Index 0 0 0.16 CitedHalfLife 8.1 8.3 7 TotalCitations toAllJournal Content 179 167 207 EigenFactor 0.00029 , 0.00038 0.00038 Article Influence 0.138 0.199 0.243 2yrIF Cites 17 17 21 5yrIF Cites 66 63 68 previously thought andthat itsuccessfully competes withother, morecharacteristic freshwater algae.Far from beingtransitory thereis good evidencethat populations havebeenmaintained in LoughDerg for morethan 40years, despite major fluctuations in waterlevel and changesin the environmental conditions. Whilefavouring rockysubstrates and navigation buoysthis species canbe found attached..." @default.
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