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- W4207021413 abstract "Abstract Basaltic fissure eruptions, which are characteristic of Icelandic volcanism, are extremely hazardous due to the large quantities of gases and aerosols they release into the atmosphere. The 1783–1784 CE Laki eruption was one of the most significant high‐latitude eruptions in the last millennium and had substantial environmental and climatic impacts. Contemporary observations recorded the presence of a sulfuric haze over Iceland and Europe, which caused famine from vegetation damage and resulted in a high occurrence of respiratory illnesses and related mortality. Historical records in northern Europe show that the summer of 1783 was anomalously warm, but regional tree‐ring maximum latewood density (MXD) data from that year are low and lead to erroneously colder reconstructed summer temperatures. Here, we measure wood anatomical characteristics of Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris ) from Jämtland, Sweden in order to identify the cause of this discrepancy. We show that the presence of intraannual density fluctuations in the majority of 1783 growth rings, a sudden reduction in lumen and cell wall area, and the measurement resolution of traditional X‐ray densitometry led to the observed reduced annual MXD value. Multiple independent lines of evidence suggest these anatomical anomalies were most likely the result of direct acidic damage to trees in Northern Europe and that the normal relationship between summer temperature and MXD can be disrupted by this damage. Our study also demonstrates that quantitative wood anatomy offers a high‐resolution approach to identifying anomalous years and extreme events in the tree‐ring record." @default.
- W4207021413 created "2022-01-26" @default.
- W4207021413 creator A5015241538 @default.
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- W4207021413 creator A5035228328 @default.
- W4207021413 creator A5055252804 @default.
- W4207021413 creator A5089321382 @default.
- W4207021413 date "2022-02-01" @default.
- W4207021413 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W4207021413 title "The Origin of Tree‐Ring Reconstructed Summer Cooling in Northern Europe During the 18th Century Eruption of Laki" @default.
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