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• W4207061490 abstract "Toxoplasma gondii ( T. gondii ) is a parasitic pathogen that causes serious brain diseases in fetuses and patients with immunodeficiency, particularly AIDS patients. In the field of immunology, a large number of studies have shown that effector CD8 + T cells can respond to T. gondii infection in the brain tissue through controlling the proliferation of intracellular parasites and killing infected brain cells. These protective mechanisms do not occur without T cell movement and searching for infected cells, as a fundamental feature of the immune system. Following infection with a pathogen in a tissue, in their search for infected cells, CD8 + T cells can perform different stochastic searches, including Lévy and Brownian random walks. Statistical analysis of CD8 + T cell movement in the brain of T. gondii -infected mouse has determined that the search strategy of CD8 + T cells in response to infected brain cells could be described by a Lévy random walk. In this work, by considering a Lévy distribution for the displacements, we propose a space fractional-order diffusion equation for the T cell density in the infected brain tissue. Furthermore, we derive a mathematical model representing CD8 + T cell response to infected brain cells. By solving the model equations numerically, we perform a comparison between Lévy and Brownian search strategies. we demonstrate that the Lévy search pattern enables CD8 + T cells to spread over the whole brain tissue and hence they can rapidly destroy infected cells distributed throughout the brain tissue. However, with the Brownian motion assumption, CD8 + T cells travel through the brain tissue more slowly, leading to a slower decline of the infected cells faraway from the source of T cells. Our results show that a Lévy search pattern aids CD8 + T cells in accelerating the elimination of infected cells distributed broadly within the brain tissue. We suggest that a Lévy search strategy could be the result of natural evolution, as CD8 + T cells learn to enhance the immune system efficiency against pathogens." @default.
• W4207061490 created "2022-01-26" @default.
• W4207061490 creator A5004431528 @default.
• W4207061490 creator A5014464384 @default.
• W4207061490 date "2022-01-01" @default.
• W4207061490 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W4207061490 title "A fractional diffusion model of CD8⁺T cells response to parasitic infection in the brain" @default.
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• W4207061490 doi "https://doi.org/10.1051/mmnp/2022003" @default.
• W4207061490 hasPublicationYear "2022" @default.
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