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• W4210288906 abstract "<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Adherence to core type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatment behaviors is suboptimal and non-adherence is generally not limited to one treatment behavior. The Internet holds promise for programs that aim to improve adherence. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> We developed an eHealth program for patients with T2DM to improve their overall treatment adherence, i.e. adherence to both healthy lifestyle and medical behaviors, based on the Integrated Change Model. The objective of the current study was to examine the effectiveness of the eHealth program in a randomized controlled trial. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> Patients with T2DM were recruited by their health professional and randomized into either the intervention group, i.e. access to the eHealth program for six months, or a waiting-list control group. In total, 478 participants completed the baseline questionnaire of which 234 gained access to the eHealth program. Of the 478 participants, 323 were male and 155 were female, the mean age was 60 years, and participants had on average an unfavorable BMI and HbA1c–level. Outcome data was collected through online assessments on physical activity levels, caloric intake from unhealthy snacks and adherence to oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin therapy. Changes to separate behaviors were standardized and summed into a composite change score representing change in overall treatment adherence. Further standardization of this composite change score yielded the primary outcome, which can be interpreted as Cohen’s d (effect size). Standardized change scores observed in separate behaviors acted as secondary outcomes. Mixed linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the effectiveness of the intervention on overall and separate treatment behavior adherence, accommodating for relevant covariates and patients nesting. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> After the six-month follow-up assessment, 111/234 participants (47%) in the intervention groupand 177/244 participants (73%) in the control group were retained. Overall treatment adherence improved significantly in the intervention group, compared to the control group, reflected by a small effect size (d=.27; 95% CI .032 to .509; P=.03). When considering changes in separate treatment behaviors a significant decrease was observed only in caloric intake from unhealthy snacks in comparison to the control group (d=.36; 95% CI .136 to .584; P=.002). For adherence to physical activity (d=-.14; 95% CI -.388 to .109; P=.27), oral hypoglycemic agents (d=.27; 95% CI -.027 to .457; P=.08), and insulin therapy (d=.35; 95% CI -.066 to .773; P=.10), no significant changes were observed. These results from the unadjusted analyses were comparable to the results of the adjusted analyses, the per protocol analyses and the sensitivity analyses. </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> Our multi-behavior program significantly improved overall treatment adherence to core T2DM treatment behaviors compared to the control group. To further enhance the intervention’s impact, a wide-scale implementation of our eHealth intervention is suggested in order to be of impact in the personal, societal and economic area. </sec> <sec> <title>CLINICALTRIAL</title> The trial is registered in the Dutch Trial Register (NTR6840). The NTR is the primary registry of the Netherlands and has been recognized and accepted by the WHO and ICMJE. </sec>" @default.
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• W4210288906 date "2020-03-03" @default.
• W4210288906 modified "2023-09-29" @default.
• W4210288906 title "The effectiveness of a web-based computer-tailored program to improve treatment adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial (Preprint)" @default.
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• W4210288906 doi "https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.18524" @default.
• W4210288906 hasPublicationYear "2020" @default.
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