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• W4210582616 abstract "MLR, I03.1, 2oo8 231 taking and transforming existing texts and discourses through their juxtaposition. These 'texts' need to be understood in a broad sense, as befits the novel's philo sophical bent; indeed, theobjects ofCyrano's intertextual appropriations stretchway beyond specificworks to ideas and arguments, and even to individuals whose names have become associated with a discourse of theirown. Simultaneously moving in the other direction, though,Armand also helpfully includes under the heading of 'inter textuality' thenovel's frequent discussion of books asmaterial objects, offering some interesting reflectionson themise en abyme structure that this theme produces. This emphasis on books rather than textsunderpins the firstof the study's three sections; the second and third explore Cyrano's engagement with his intertexts in the novel's philosophical debates and the fabric of the fiction respectively. Faced with thismultifaceted profusion of texts, books, and discourses, Armand poses as his essential question 'quel est leur usage sur le plan theorique et en quoi participent-ils de la poetique de l'aeuvre?' (p. 6). For Armand, L'Autre Monde is es sentially 'un travail d'appropriation du lu par l'ecrit, un travail de personnalisation par la reecriture, dans lequel l'auteur fusionne avec d'autres livrespour donner nais sance a son livre' (p. 7). Yet this 'fusion' is, as soon becomes clear, an uneasy one; the differentdiscourses integrated intoCyrano's text are never settled into a com fortablewhole, despite Armand's professed goal to 'montrer la coherence de l'usage de l'intertextualite' (p. 7) in thenovel. One of the reasons for this, suggests Armand, isCyrano's-and the novel's-stubborn reluctance to conclude. While this ismost apparent in thenovel's own unfinished state, incompletion also punctuates thehero's encounters and discussions within the text; just asmost of his dialogues are broken off, the hero himself never seems to draw any conclusions fromhis own experiences (p. I9).What counts most forCyrano, claims theauthor, is the act of confronting dif ferent textsand ideas 'sansprendre veritablement parti' (p. 67) rather than fusing them into a coherent whole or arriving at a single 'answer'. Given the contradictory and inconclusive nature of thephilosophical discussions, Armand turns in the finalpart to the imaginative and creative elements of thenovel, stressing that 'L'AutreMonde est l'aeuvre d'un litt6raire,et non d'un scientifique ou d'un philosophe. La theorie sert de point de depart a la fictionqui en constitue une reecriture' (p. IOI). It is, Armand concludes, imagination that allows 'la fusion entre lepoetique et le theorique' in the novel (p. iI6). Suggestive and associative rather thanmethodologically rigorous,Ar mand's study none the lessmakes an interesting and thought-provoking introduction toCyrano's problematic and often frustratingengagement with his sources. ROYAL HOLLOWAY,UNIVERSITY OF LONDON JOSEPH HARRIS Progres etperfectibilite: un dilemme desLumieresfran_aises (I7755-I8I4). By FLORENCE LOTTERIE. (SVEC,2006:04) Oxford: Voltaire Foundation. 2006. 203 pp. ?50. ISBN 978-o-72940-876-9. In this study Florence Lotterie sets out to trace thephilosophical and political debates surrounding the term 'perfectibilite' inEnlightenment and Revolutionary France. Lotterie draws this term froma group of keywords, including 'reforme', 'revolution', 'utopie', and 'progres' (p. xvii), whose shiftingmeanings, she claims, reveal the de velopments and dilemmas of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century French thought. In previous studies, Lotterie argues, 'perfectibilite' has tended to be sub sumed by itscognate 'progres', which has attracted considerable attention fromcul tural historians. Lotterie concedes that the terms are indeed intimately linked in that they both concern man's relationship with his past and future, yet the concept of 'perfectibilit&'has a distinctive history that isworth exploring. 232 Reviews The study begins with an analysis of theDiscours sur lesoriginesde 1'inegali (I 75 5), inwhich the Rousseauian neologism 'perfectibilite' firstappeared, and concludes with a discussion ofMme de Stael's De l'Allemagne (I814), where 'perfectibilite' gives way to 'perfectionnement'. The evolution of the term is subdivided into its pre-Revolutionary, Revolutionary, and post-Revolutionary phases, and this chrono logical approach emphasizes the extent towhich itsmeaning isdefined by social and political circumstances. In its beginnings, 'perfectibilite' appears alongside liberty inRousseau's thought as one of the defining characteristics of humanity; a typically paradoxical trait that enables man to become continually..." @default.
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• W4210582616 date "2008-01-01" @default.
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• W4210582616 title "Progrès et perfectibilité: Un dilemme des Lumières françaises (1755-1814) by Florence Lotterie" @default.
• W4210582616 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/mlr.2008.0285" @default.
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