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• W4210778876 abstract "<strong class=journal-contentHeaderColor>Abstract.</strong> Understanding historical changes in gross primary productivity (GPP) is essential for better predicting the future global carbon cycle. However, the historical trends of terrestrial GPP, due to the CO<span class=inline-formula>₂</span> fertilization effect, climate, and land-use change, remain largely uncertain. Using long-term satellite-based near-infrared radiance of vegetation (NIRv), a proxy for GPP, and multiple GPP datasets derived from satellite-based products, dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM) simulations, and an upscaled product from eddy covariance (EC) measurements, here we comprehensively investigated their trends and analyzed the causes for any discrepancies during 1982–2015. Although spatial patterns of climatological annual GPP from all products and NIRv are highly correlated (<span class=inline-formula><i>r</i>>0.84</span>), the spatial correlation coefficients of trends between DGVM GPP and NIRv significantly decreased (with the ensemble mean of <span class=inline-formula><i>r</i>=0.49</span>) and even the spatial correlation coefficients of trends between other GPP products and NIRv became negative. By separating the global land into the tropics plus extratropical Southern Hemisphere (Trop<span class=inline-formula>+</span>SH) and extratropical Northern Hemisphere (NH), we found that, during 1982–2015, simulated GPP from most of the models showed a stronger increasing trend over Trop<span class=inline-formula>+</span>SH than NH. In contrast, the satellite-based GPP products indicated a substantial increase over NH. Mechanistically, model sensitivity experiments indicated that the increase of annual global total GPP was dominated by the CO<span class=inline-formula>₂</span> fertilization effect (83.9 % contribution), however, with the largest uncertainty in magnitude in individual simulations among the three drivers of CO<span class=inline-formula>₂</span> fertilization, climate, and land-use change. Interestingly, the spatial distribution of inter-model spreads of GPP trends resulted mainly from climate and land-use change rather than CO<span class=inline-formula>₂</span> fertilization effect. After 2000, trends from satellite-based GPP products were different from the full time series, suggesting weakened rising trends over NH and even significantly decreasing trends over Trop<span class=inline-formula>+</span>SH, while the trends from DGVMs and NIRv kept increasing. The inconsistencies of GPP trends are very likely caused by the contrasting performance between satellite-derived and DGVM simulated vegetation structure parameter (leaf area index, LAI). Therefore, the uncertainty in satellite-based GPP products induced by highly uncertain LAI data in the tropics undermines their roles in assessing the performance of DGVM simulations and understanding the changes of global carbon sinks. The higher consistency between DGVM GPP and NIRv suggests that the trends from a DGVM ensemble might even have better performance than satellite-based GPP products." @default.
• W4210778876 created "2022-02-08" @default.
• W4210778876 date "2022-01-29" @default.
• W4210778876 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
• W4210778876 title "Comment on esd-2021-69" @default.
• W4210778876 doi "https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-2021-69-rc2" @default.
• W4210778876 hasPublicationYear "2022" @default.
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