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- W4211031703 abstract "Androgen action in human male subjects is predominantly the result of the biological activities of testosterone and 5a-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) (see Fig. 1). Although the former steroid is the predominant androgen present in the peripheral circulation at a 10-fold to 12-fold greater concentration, the local tissue concentration of DHT may be greater, as is its biological potency. Testosterone is synthesized within Leydig cells and secreted by the testes, whereas DHT is formed primarily as a metabolic product in peripheral tissues expressing steroid 5α-reductase activity. The equilibrium kinetic properties of lipophilic steroids suggest that testosterone can enter cells by passive diffusion across the cell membrane. However, only 1-2% of the testosterone present in the blood is free to diffuse into tissues, because the vast majority of the steroid is bound to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG; 40-50%) and to albumin (50-60%). Normal physiologic levels of circulating testosterone are necessary for adequate androgen biologic activity; however, some actions of androgens within tissues require the local conversion of testosterone to its more biologically active metabolite, DHT. A single molecular form of the androgen receptor (AR) exists within androgen target cells. The inactive cytoplasmic AR is a member of a large macromolecular chaperone complex, which dissociates upon the binding of testosterone or DHT to its receptor. The binding of steroid produces a conformational (or allosteric) change to an activated receptor complex that translocates into the nucleus and binds with high affinity as homodimers to specific binding sites on nuclear chromatin adjoining androgen-responsive genes." @default.
- W4211031703 created "2022-02-13" @default.
- W4211031703 creator A5016227237 @default.
- W4211031703 date "2003-01-01" @default.
- W4211031703 modified "2023-09-29" @default.
- W4211031703 title "Androgen Action" @default.
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- W4211031703 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-388-0_2" @default.
- W4211031703 hasPublicationYear "2003" @default.
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