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• W4211040983 endingPage "438" @default.
• W4211040983 startingPage "411" @default.
• W4211040983 abstract "Dendritic cells (DCs) represent a complex network of antigen-presenting cells that play a crucial role in the initiation of primary immunity as well as maintaining the balance between immune tolerance and reactivity (1). Skin DCs were first described by Langerhans in 1868, but their function remained a mystery for the next 100 yr. The modern field of DC biology was initiated in 1973 by Steinman and Cohn, who identified a subpopulation of murine splenocytes that had distinctive morphologic and phenotypic characteristics and powerfully stimulated T cell responses (2). DCs have subsequently been described as the most potent antigen-presenting cell which demonstrate the unique capacity to induce primary immune responses. Antigen-presenting cells process protein into peptide epitopes which are subsequently presented in the context of MHC molecules (3). Endogenous proteins undergo processing in the cell cytoplasm and are typically presented in the context of MHC class I molecules resulting in the stimulation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. In contrast, exogenous antigens are internalized, processed in MHC class II compartments, and subsequently presented to CD4 (helper) T cells. In specific settings, cross priming occurs in which antigens from donor cells are captured by antigen-presenting cells and presented in the context of MHC class I molecules (4). Stimulation of naïve T cells requires antigen presentation in the context of co-stimulatory and adhesion molecules, which serve as secondary signals needed for the activation of primary immunity. Antigen-presenting cells, such as B cells and macrophages, are effective in maintaining immune responses, but are incapable of initiating primary responses to novel antigens. In contrast, DC richly express MHC class I, II, co-stimulatory and adhesion molecules and are uniquely potent in initiating cellular immunity (Fig. 1) (5–7). Open image in new window Fig. 1 DCs: immunobiology and potential use of cancer immunotherapy." @default.
• W4211040983 created "2022-02-13" @default.
• W4211040983 creator A5052641327 @default.
• W4211040983 date "2003-01-01" @default.
• W4211040983 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W4211040983 title "Dendritic Cells" @default.
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