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• W4211175188 endingPage "353" @default.
• W4211175188 startingPage "307" @default.
• W4211175188 abstract "The phospholipases catalyze the hydrolysis of phospholipids, which may be considered as derivatives of glycerophosphate in which the two hydroxyls are esterified to long-chain fatty acids and the phosphoryl group forms a phosphodiester bond with a polar moiety. The glycerolphosphate of natural phospholipids is derived metabolically from D-glucose and might be expected to be named as “D-glycerol-1-phosphate.” A phospholipase that cleaves the acyl ester at the sn-1 position is designated a phospholipase A1, and one that cleaves at the sn-2 position is designated a phospholipase A2. An enzyme that cleaves the phosphodiester bond on the glycerol side is designated a phospholipase C, and on the polar side a phospholipase D. In general, phospholipases have specificity for the position on the glycerolphosphate backbone rather than for the particular fatty acid or polar group present, although preferences (especially for the latter) have also been reported. In addition to fatty acids and water-soluble polar compounds, the primary products of phospholipase action are lysophospholipids, diglycerides, or phosphatidic acid. These products can in turn be hydrolyzed by phospholipases or lipases. Several problems arise in classifying the phospholipases. First, although enzymes that can carry out hydrolysis reactions are usually designated as phospholipases, they may function metabolically as transacylases (phospholipases A1, and A2 or lysophospholipase) or transphosphatidylases (phospholipases C and D). Second, lysophospholipids (as well as mono- and diglycerides) undergo rapid acyl migration under certain conditions so the precise specificity of phospholipases and lysophospholipases has not always been determined with certainty. Third, some of the sphingolipids are similar structurally to the phospholipids, but their backbone is metabolically derived from serine rather than glycerol." @default.
• W4211175188 created "2022-02-13" @default.
• W4211175188 creator A5040976154 @default.
• W4211175188 date "1983-01-01" @default.
• W4211175188 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W4211175188 title "9 Phospholipases" @default.
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