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• W4212819005 abstract "The Gram-positive bacterium Clostridium tetani is an endospore-forming organism predominantly found in anaerobic zones of soil. In deep wound infections C. tetani can produce a potent neurotoxin, causing spastic paralysis, known as tetanus disease. The disease is one of the most globally prevalent diseases of humans and vertebrate animals. The tetanus neurotoxin is the second most poisonous substance known. It blocks the release of neurotransmitters from presynaptic membranes of inhibitory interneurons, thus preventing muscle relaxation. Fortunately, a potent vaccine is available since the forties of the last century, the tetanus toxoid. Nevertheless, according to the World Health Organization, an estimated 400,000 cases occur each year, mainly of neonatal tetanus.In the course of this work the whole genome of a vaccine producing strain of C. tetani (strain E88) was sequenced with a 9.5-fold coverage. The genome consists of a 2,799,251-basepair (bp) circular chromosome and a 74,082-bp plasmid, designated pE88. The plasmid encodes 61 open reading frames (ORFs); among these are the tetanus toxin, a collagenase, several regulatory proteins and a number of ABC (ATP-binding cassette)-transport systems. The chromosome harbors at least 2373 ORFs; additional putative virulence factors could be identified such as an array of surface-layer and adhesion proteins. A comparison of the C. tetani genome with two other clostridial genomes, the one of C. acetobutylicum, a nonpathogenic solvent producer, and the one of C. perfringens, the causative agent of gas gangrene, was performed. The comparison identified 1506 genes, which are present in all three clostridial genomes. The 516 ORFs, which only occur in C. tetani and the 199 ORFs, which are present only in pathogenic clostridia (C. tetani and C. perfringens) were analyzed in detail. A characteristic metabolic feature of C. tetani is its preference for proteins/oligopeptides and amino acids as substrates for fermentation; many amino acid degradation pathways could be detected. The degradation of amino acids seem to be linked to a remarkable capacity of C. tetani: the organism can rely on extensive sodium ion bioenergetics, as there are primary sodium ion pumps as well as several sodium ion-dependent substrate symporters present. The complete genome sequence of C. tetani will contribute to our understanding of the lifestyle switch from a harmless soil bacterium to a potentially devastating neurosystem-damaging organism after entering and infecting a mammalian host. The presented work will also help to unravel the regulatory network governing tetanus toxin formation." @default.
• W4212819005 created "2022-02-24" @default.
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• W4212819005 date "2022-02-20" @default.
• W4212819005 modified "2023-10-01" @default.
• W4212819005 title "Die vollständige Entschlüsselung der Genomsequenz des Tetanus-Erregers <i>Clostridium tetani</i> und die Analyse seines genetischen Potentials" @default.
• W4212819005 doi "https://doi.org/10.53846/goediss-555" @default.
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