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- W4213016183 abstract "The injection of products reconstituted with saline as recommended can cause injection-site pain (“pricking”). It can be demonstrated that the pain results from the low pH of the saline. The products have different appearance due to the drying process: onabotulinumtoxin appears as a thin film on the bottom of the vial, and abobotulinumtoxin and incobotulinumtoxin as freeze-dried powder (lyophilisates) forming a fluffy cake. The process of toxin manufacturing and how the toxin is reconstituted can have an impact on the final amount of toxin available for clinical use, because lyophilized products have botulinum toxin as fluffy coats that also stick to the stopper. The pain of a toxin injection can be divided into the pain of needle prick and the pain of in vivo fluid expansion. The pain of toxin in tissue is pH related and can be relieved somewhat by using preserved saline or adding lidocaine or sodium bicarbonate without diminishing the therapeutic toxin effect." @default.
- W4213016183 created "2022-02-24" @default.
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- W4213016183 date "2022-02-19" @default.
- W4213016183 modified "2023-09-29" @default.
- W4213016183 title "Optimizing Aesthetic Toxin Treatments by Proper Toxin Reconstitution" @default.
- W4213016183 doi "https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003008132-9" @default.
- W4213016183 hasPublicationYear "2022" @default.
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