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• W4213133083 abstract "Los estafilococos comprenden multitud de especies con diferente capacidad patógena en el ser humano, destacando Staphylococcus aureus (SA) como la especie más virulenta. SA es capaz de producir multitud de síndromes clínicos, tanto mediados por toxina como por invasión y destrucción tisular, destacando por frecuencia y gravedad las infecciones de piel y partes blandas, osteoarticulares, bacteriemia, endocarditis, infecciones de dispositivos protésicos y neumonía (incluyendo neumonía hemorrágica en pacientes jóvenes). Puede poseer varios mecanismos de resistencia, destacando por su importancia terapéutica la resistencia a betalactámicos (SA resistente a meticilina —SARM—) mediada por la producción de PBP2a (gen mecA ). El tratamiento del SA sensible a meticilina se basa en cloxacilina o cefazolina, mientras que entre las opciones terapéuticas para SARM encontramos vancomicina, daptomicina o linezolid. Los estafilococos coagulasa negativos presentan menor virulencia, aunque suelen ser resistentes a meticilina. Solo producen infecciones en pacientes con predisposición (inmunosuprimidos, material protésico, accesos venosos, etc.), con excepción de Staphylococcus lugdunensis que puede producir infecciones similares a SA y que suele ser, además, sensible a penicilina. Staphylococci encompass a multitude of species with different pathological capacities in human beings, with Staphylococcus aureus (SA) standing out as the most virulent species. SA is capable of producing a multitude of clinical syndromes, both mediated by the toxin and by tissue invasion and destruction. Of note for their frequency and severity are skin and soft tissue infections, bone and joint infections, bacteremia, endocarditis, prosthetic device infections, and pneumonia (including hemorrhagic pneumonia in young patients). It can have various mechanisms of resistance, of which resistance to beta-lactams (methicillin-resistant SA, MRSA) mediated by the production of PBP2a (mecA gene) is of note for its therapeutic importance. Treatment of methicillin-sensitive SA is based on cloxacillin or cefazolin whereas treatment options for MRSA are vancomycin, daptomycin, or linezolid. Coagulase-negative staphylococci are less virulent, although they tend to be resistant to methicillin. They only cause infections in patients with predisposing conditions (immunosuppressed, prosthetic material, venous access, etc.), with the exception of Staphylococcus lugdunensis , which can cause infections similar to SA and which also tend to be sensitive to penicillin." @default.
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• W4213133083 date "2022-02-01" @default.
• W4213133083 modified "2023-10-01" @default.
• W4213133083 title "Infecciones por estafilococos" @default.
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• W4213133083 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.med.2022.02.013" @default.
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