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• W4213338833 abstract "Reviewed by: The Saratoga Campaign: Uncovering an Embattled Landscape ed. by William A. Griswold and Donald W. Linebaugh Matthew A. Zembo (bio) The Saratoga Campaign: Uncovering an Embattled Landscape By William A. Griswold and Donald W. Linebaugh, Editors. Lebanon, NH: University Press of New England, 2016. 272 pages, 7 x 10. $27.95 paper, $27.95 ebook. In The Saratoga Campaign: Uncovering an Embattled Landscape, editors William A. Griswold and Donald W. Linebaugh use archeological evidence to recreate the 1777 landscape in which the Battles of Saratoga were fought. This is an important task as terrain affects the outcomes of battles and influences the decision-making process of commanders on the field. This was especially so at Saratoga. But it is a difficult task; as the editors explain, the relatively brief nature of the battle and ephemeral remains of the fortifications left few visible reminders of the hard-fought American victory (ix). To that end, Griswold and Linebaugh gathered a panel of archeologists, historians, and National Park Service staff that all have close connections and years of interpretive and archeological expertise on studying the Battles of Saratoga. Each was tasked by the editors to contribute a chapter based on the archeological or the interpretive work they performed on the embattled landscape of Saratoga National Historic Park. As Griswold and Linebaugh state in their introduction, this volume is written to build on the excellent work of earlier archeologists and to shed light on the work they did that languished in obscure technical reports on bookshelves or in file cabinets at Saratoga National Historical Park (xiii). The book follows a chronological progression of events using different archeological sites to denote a different phase of the battle. The book starts with a historical narrative by John Luzader that puts the battles in their time and place in history and explains their significance. This is followed by what is supposed to be a tactical analysis of the British and American armies during the battles by Park Ranger Eric Schnitzer, which is instead a well-constructed narrative containing little in the way of analysis. There is limited discussion as to why and how the armies fought in the formations in which they did during the [End Page 418] Battles of Saratoga. This is disappointing considering the extensive tactical innovations and adaptations the British and German officers implemented prior to leaving Canada. Both history chapters are important for the layman but offer no new information or insight to experts in the field. The importance of the book lies in its contribution to our knowledge of the archeological work done at Saratoga. Little has been published on this work so the glimpse we are given here is enlightening and informative. Each chapter is well thought out and gives the background history of the site covered and the previous archeological work done. Dean Snow starts off with a discussion of the work he did in the 1970s on the British fortifications and his findings as to their construction and layout. Snow discusses the discovery and research pertaining to the burial of a female British camp follower that appeared to have died in the fighting on October 7 (88ff). This is a fantastic find as we know the wives of British soldiers stayed by the side of their husbands on occasion in battle as Sergeant Roger Lamb describes in An Original and Authentic Journal of Occurrences During the Late American War (143). William Griswold discusses the American positions on Bemis Heights. His geophysical investigations included the recording of the radar cross sections of the fortifications themselves. Griswold confirmed the locations and gives insight to their construction and siting. David Starbuck looked at the American fortifications further west, discussing his excavations around the American Headquarters and Hospital at the Woodworth Farmhouse. Interestingly, Starbuck points out that direct evidence of the American Army's occupation is scant, but the archeological glimpse into the family farms that shaped the landscape is of importance. The later chapters shift focus to sites associated with the British retreat. Matthew Kirk and Justin Divirgilio investigate the British fortifications in Victory Woods on the heights overlooking Schuylerville. They discuss the tactical advantages of the site and the..." @default.
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• W4213338833 title "The Saratoga Campaign: Uncovering an Embattled Landscape ed. by William A. Griswold and Donald W. Linebaugh" @default.
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