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• W4214501863 abstract "(2855) Lilium humboldtii J.H. Krelage in Gard. Chron. 1870: 1402. 22 Oct 1870 [Angiosp.: Lil.], nom. cons. prop. Typus: [icon] “Lilium Humboldtii Roezl et Leichtlin” in Gartenflora 21: t. 724. 1872. (=) Lilium puberulum (Torr.) Leichtlin in J. Soc. Imp. Centr. Hort., ser. 2, 4: 217. Mai 1870 (L. canadense var. puberulum Torr., Pacif. Railr. Rep. 4 (5 [No. 4]): 146. Aug–Sep 1857), nom. rej. prop. Lectotypus (vide Compton & Skinner in PhytoKeys 182: 49. 2021): U.S.A., California, Hartweg 2004 (GH barcode 00106407). The bulbous and ornamental genus Lilium L. (Sp. Pl.: 302. 1753) comprises about 125 species worldwide of which 22 occur in North America (Skinner in FNA Ed. Comm., Fl. N. Amer. N. Mexico 26: 172–197. 2002). The history of the Californian species, L. humboldtii J.H. Krelage (in Gard. Chron. 1870: 1402. 1870), has recently been discussed and the name neotypified by the illustration cited above (Compton & Skinner in PhytoKeys 182: 39–55. 2021). As a result of further research, the first author of that paper has recognized that publication of the synonymous L. puberulum (Torr.) Leichtlin (in J. Soc. Imp. Centr. Hort., ser. 2, 4: 217. 1870), based on L. canadense L. var. puberulum Torr. (Pacif. Railr. Rep. 4 (5 [No. 4]): 146. 1857), for which a lectotype was designated in the same publication (Compton & Skinner, l.c.), predates the publication of L. humboldtii. According to Art. 11.4 of the ICN (Turland & al. in Regnum Veg. 159. 2018), L. puberulum, therefore, has priority over L. humboldtii. The species has had an important role in North American lily hybridization. It is sold to lily enthusiasts in California (e.g., https://www.calfloranursery.com/plants/lilium-humboldtii-ssp-humboldtii) and by at least one U.K. nursery (https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/nurseries-search-result?query=10185) (all online resources accessed 2 Nov 2021). The precise date of publication of the name Lilium humboldtii was 22 October 1870 in the Gardeners’ Chronicle for that year in which the name was included with a short description among other Lilium species in an advertisement by E.H. Krelage & Sons, nurserymen and seedsmen of Haarlem in Holland. Following consultation with John Wiersema (US) and John McNeill (E) it was decided that the description, albeit a short one, has enough descriptive matter to satisfy Art. 38.1 of the ICN. There is no obvious method of determining the date when Lilium puberulum (Torr.) Leichtlin (l.c.) was published precisely to the day. The combination appears in the fourth part (“cahier”) of the volume, and in the Printer's Key to that part is printed “2e Série, T. IV. — Avril 1870” (J. Soc. Imp. Centr. Hort., ser. 2, 4: 193. 1870). This April issue ran from pages 193 to 256. The President of the Société Impériale et Centrale d'Horticulture de France, Louis Bouchard-Huzard, mentioned in his Introduction to that volume that the Journal was “publie mensuellement” (J. Soc. Imp. Centr. Hort., ser. 2, 4: vi. 1870). The reports of the meetings (“séances”) of the Société for that month were included in the issue, so, in addition to the “Notes et Mémoires” in which L. puberulum was published, there were reports (“Procés Verbaux”) of the meetings on 14 and 28 April 1870. None of the monthly issues carries a date of publication except for the ninth, unusually covering the four months September to December 1870, that was not published until 26 April 1871. This was evidently the result of the immense disruption caused by the Franco-Prussian war (19 July 1870 to 29 January 1871). That this is the only recorded date strongly suggests that publication of each issue took place soon after the end of the month involved, so it is safe to assume that the approximate date of publication for this new combination would therefore have been sometime during the month of May 1870. Even if, for some reason, there had been some weeks delay, the publication of L. puberulum would still predate that of L. humboldtii by several months. The new combination was made in the first of a series of nine articles on the genus Lilium written by Duchartre, five in that volume and four in that for 1871. Duchartre's nine articles described and discussed the lilies cultivated in the garden of his friend Maximilian [“Max”] Leichtlin in Carlsruhe [Karlsruhe]. Leichtlin sent a list of all the lilies he cultivated to Duchartre, who requested Leichtlin's permission to publish it: “M. Max Leichtlin a bien voulu dernièrement me communiquer la liste des espèces et variétés de Lis qu'il possède, et sur ma demande, il m'a autorisé à la publier” (Duchartre in J. Soc. Imp. Centr. Hort., ser. 2, 4: 214. 1870). The list of names, along with this new combination, is therefore attributable to Leichtlin and not to Duchartre. The entry in which the new combination was published included an exclamation mark and the letters “n” and “r” along with the name: “Lilium ! ! puberulum Torr. n. r.”. This is an unambiguous indirect reference to Torrey's earlier varietal name as its basionym, with the symbol “!” explained to be Leichtlin's certainty of the plant's identity and the letters “n” representing the name as new and “r” that it was remarkable (Duchartre, l.c.: 215). There are very few records of the name Lilium puberulum to be found on the internet and none that imply that this name is currently in use. Where it does occur, the name is cited either as a variety of L. canadense, a completely different species from the eastern U.S.A., or as a synonym of L. humboldtii, e.g., https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=22209; http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/537747-1). It was, however, used correctly by Waugh (in Bot. Gaz. 27: 343. 1899), Bailey (Cycl. Amer. Hort.: 921. 1900), and Sedgwick (The Garden, Month by Month: 200, 304. 1907) but has not been taken up since then. In contrast there are dozens of examples of the use of L. humboldtii in local and regional floras in the U.S.A., in articles published in several different languages, and in worldwide databases such as GBIF.org, Tropicos.org, and plantsoftheworldonline.org. Some recent examples of floristic inclusions of L. humboldtii and/or its subspecies, L. humboldtii subsp. ocellatum (Kellogg) Thorne (in Aliso 9: 195. 1978), based on L. bloomerianum var. ocellatum Kellogg (in Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 5: 88. 1873), are: Smith, Checkl. Vasc. Pl. Endemic Calif. [in Bot. Stud. 42]. 2020 (https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/42/), Laskey & al. in Diversity 12(11): 427. 2020, and Pacific Bulb Soc. – https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/Lilium_humboldtii. The aim of this proposal is to preserve and maintain the current usage of the name Lilium humboldtii J.H. Krelage and not require adoption of the long-forgotten L. puberulum (Torr.) Leichtlin." @default.
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• W4214501863 title "(2855) Proposal to conserve the name <i>Lilium humboldtii</i> against <i>L. puberulum</i> (<i>Liliaceae</i>)" @default.
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