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- W4214528037 abstract "Volatile anesthetics are used clinically to produce analgesia, amnesia, unconsciousness, blunted autonomic responsiveness, and immobility. Previous work has shown that the volatile anesthetic isoflurane, at concentrations that produce unconsciousness (250-500 microM), enhances fast synaptic inhibition in the brain mediated by GABA(A) receptors (GABA(A)-Rs). In addition, isoflurane causes sedation at concentrations lower than those required to produce unconsciousness or analgesia. In this study, we found that isoflurane, at low concentrations (25-85 microM) associated with its sedative actions, elicits a sustained current associated with a conductance increase in thalamocortical neurons in the mouse ventrobasal (VB) nucleus. These isoflurane-evoked currents reversed polarity close to the Cl(-) equilibrium potential and were totally blocked by the GABA(A)-R antagonist gabazine. Isoflurane (25-250 microM) produced no sustained current in VB neurons from GABA(A)-R alpha(4)-subunit knockout (Gabra4(-/-)) mice, although 250 microM isoflurane enhanced synaptic inhibition in VB neurons from both wild-type and Gabra4(-/-) mice. These data indicate an obligatory requirement for alpha(4)-subunit expression in the generation of the isoflurane-activated current. In addition, isoflurane directly activated alpha(4)beta(2)delta GABA(A)-Rs expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, and it was more potent at alpha(4)beta(2)delta than at alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2) receptors (the presumptive extrasynaptic and synaptic GABA(A)-R subtypes in VB neurons). We conclude that the extrasynaptic GABA(A)-Rs of thalamocortical neurons are sensitive to low concentrations of isoflurane. In view of the crucial role of the thalamus in sensory processing, sleep, and cognition, the modulation of these extrasynaptic GABA(A)-Rs by isoflurane may contribute to the sedation and hypnosis associated with low doses of this anesthetic agent. PMID: 18094320 Funding information This work was supported by: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: GM 47818 NIGMS NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: GM 066840 NIAAA NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: AA 16393 NIAAA NIH HHS, United States Grant ID: AA 13004" @default.
- W4214528037 created "2022-03-02" @default.
- W4214528037 creator A5007694516 @default.
- W4214528037 date "2008-06-23" @default.
- W4214528037 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W4214528037 title "Faculty Opinions recommendation of Isoflurane is a potent modulator of extrasynaptic GABA(A) receptors in the thalamus." @default.
- W4214528037 doi "https://doi.org/10.3410/f.1099073.572233" @default.
- W4214528037 hasPublicationYear "2008" @default.
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