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- W4220954562 endingPage "e3001551" @default.
- W4220954562 startingPage "e3001551" @default.
- W4220954562 abstract "Significant increases in sedimentation rate accompany the evolution of multicellularity. These increases should lead to rapid changes in ecological distribution, thereby affecting the costs and benefits of multicellularity and its likelihood to evolve. However, how genetic and cellular traits control this process, their likelihood of emergence over evolutionary timescales, and the variation in these traits as multicellularity evolves are still poorly understood. Here, using isolates of the ichthyosporean genus Sphaeroforma -close unicellular relatives of animals with brief transient multicellular life stages-we demonstrate that sedimentation rate is a highly variable and evolvable trait affected by at least 2 distinct physical mechanisms. First, we find extensive (>300×) variation in sedimentation rates for different Sphaeroforma species, mainly driven by size and density during the unicellular-to-multicellular life cycle transition. Second, using experimental evolution with sedimentation rate as a focal trait, we readily obtained, for the first time, fast settling and multicellular Sphaeroforma arctica isolates. Quantitative microscopy showed that increased sedimentation rates most often arose by incomplete cellular separation after cell division, leading to clonal “clumping” multicellular variants with increased size and density. Strikingly, density increases also arose by an acceleration of the nuclear doubling time relative to cell size. Similar size- and density-affecting phenotypes were observed in 4 additional species from the Sphaeroforma genus, suggesting that variation in these traits might be widespread in the marine habitat. By resequencing evolved isolates to high genomic coverage, we identified mutations in regulators of cytokinesis, plasma membrane remodeling, and chromatin condensation that may contribute to both clump formation and the increase in the nuclear number-to-volume ratio. Taken together, this study illustrates how extensive cellular control of density and size drive sedimentation rate variation, likely shaping the onset and further evolution of multicellularity." @default.
- W4220954562 created "2022-04-03" @default.
- W4220954562 creator A5012635525 @default.
- W4220954562 creator A5018607362 @default.
- W4220954562 creator A5079049454 @default.
- W4220954562 creator A5089912882 @default.
- W4220954562 date "2022-03-29" @default.
- W4220954562 modified "2023-10-15" @default.
- W4220954562 title "Regulation of sedimentation rate shapes the evolution of multicellularity in a close unicellular relative of animals" @default.
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- W4220954562 doi "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001551" @default.
- W4220954562 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35349578" @default.
- W4220954562 hasPublicationYear "2022" @default.
- W4220954562 type Work @default.