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• W4221054712 endingPage "e1009557" @default.
• W4221054712 startingPage "e1009557" @default.
• W4221054712 abstract "Perception is often characterized computationally as an inference process in which uncertain or ambiguous sensory inputs are combined with prior expectations. Although behavioral studies have shown that observers can change their prior expectations in the context of a task, robust neural signatures of task-specific priors have been elusive. Here, we analytically derive such signatures under the general assumption that the responses of sensory neurons encode posterior beliefs that combine sensory inputs with task-specific expectations. Specifically, we derive predictions for the task-dependence of correlated neural variability and decision-related signals in sensory neurons. The qualitative aspects of our results are parameter-free and specific to the statistics of each task. The predictions for correlated variability also differ from predictions of classic feedforward models of sensory processing and are therefore a strong test of theories of hierarchical Bayesian inference in the brain. Importantly, we find that Bayesian learning predicts an increase in so-called differential correlations as the observer's internal model learns the stimulus distribution, and the observer's behavioral performance improves. This stands in contrast to classic feedforward encoding/decoding models of sensory processing, since such correlations are fundamentally information-limiting. We find support for our predictions in data from existing neurophysiological studies across a variety of tasks and brain areas. Finally, we show in simulation how measurements of sensory neural responses can reveal information about a subject's internal beliefs about the task. Taken together, our results reinterpret task-dependent sources of neural covariability as signatures of Bayesian inference and provide new insights into their cause and their function." @default.
• W4221054712 created "2022-04-03" @default.
• W4221054712 creator A5034280616 @default.
• W4221054712 creator A5036107630 @default.
• W4221054712 date "2022-03-08" @default.
• W4221054712 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W4221054712 title "Task-induced neural covariability as a signature of approximate Bayesian learning and inference" @default.
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