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- W4221068497 abstract "The costly desulfation processes have severely restricted the development and industrial application of hydrometallurgy lead recovery process. In this work, new high efficiency and value-added desulfation method of the spent lead paste is proposed. The new route consists of three sections as follows: (1) Desulfation of spent lead paste by ammonium carbonate; (2) Regeneration of ammonium carbonate through calcium hydroxide sulfuration and ammonia carbonation ; (3) Lead carbonate decomposition to obtain the product lead oxide and CO 2 to construct a high efficiency and value-added desulfation method of the spent lead paste. The regenerated ammonium carbonate filtrate is re-used in the next batch desulfation process in order to realize a green and sustainable process. For the tests of 5 cycles, the optimal average conversion rate of calcium hydroxide sulfation is up to 88.2% and the desulfation rate of lead paste is above 98.7% as well ammonium ions concentration maintains stable all the way. This work put forwards calcium hydroxide as an inexpensive desulfurizer via “ex-situ nucleation process (ESNP)” and “CO 2 –NH 3 ·H 2 O” strategy, providing a cleaner and more economical routes to recover PbO from lead-acid batteries. The cost calculation and technical analysis indicate this new strategy is economical, efficient, and high value-added. • Hydrated lime is proposed as the value-added desulfurizer for spent lead paste. • A new ex-situ nucleation process realizes the high utilization rate of hydrated lime. • The desulfation rate of spent lead paste is up to 98.7%. • The optimal average conversion rate of hydrated lime sulfuration is 88.2%." @default.
- W4221068497 created "2022-04-03" @default.
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- W4221068497 date "2022-05-01" @default.
- W4221068497 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W4221068497 title "A new desulfation process of spent lead paste via cyclic utilization of CO2–NH3·H2O" @default.
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- W4221068497 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131307" @default.
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