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- W4224089611 abstract "<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background: </ns4:bold>Skin disease is the fourth most common disease among all diseases. The number of cases of skin diseases continues to increase, and people commonly use antibiotics to treat these diseases. Nevertheless, overuse of antibiotics can increase the resistance of these pathogens. Hence, the study of novel antibiotic compounds against multi-drug resistant (MDR) skin pathogens is urgently needed.</ns4:p><ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Methods:</ns4:bold> This study describes the antimicrobial diversity of bacteria associated with three species of marine nudibranchs (<ns4:italic>Jorunna funebris</ns4:italic>,<ns4:italic> Gymnodoris rubropapulosa,</ns4:italic> and <ns4:italic>Glossodoris atromarginata</ns4:italic>) sampled from Jepara coastal waters, the North Java Sea in August 2020. A total of 115 bacterial strains were selected for their prospective antipathogenic compounds against the pathogens <ns4:italic>Cutibacterium acnes</ns4:italic>, <ns4:italic>Staphylococcus aureus</ns4:italic>, <ns4:italic>Candida albicans,</ns4:italic> and <ns4:italic>Malassezia furfur</ns4:italic>.</ns4:p><ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Results:</ns4:bold> A total of 24 bacterial isolates (20.87%) exhibited antimicrobial activity against the pathogens that were selected and molecularly identified. Analyses of the gene of 16S rRNA discovered that these 24 isolates were associated with 11 genera of the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria, including <ns4:italic>Bacillus</ns4:italic> as the dominant genus, followed by <ns4:italic>Streptomyces, Gordonia, Salinicola</ns4:italic>, <ns4:italic>Thalassospira</ns4:italic>, <ns4:italic>Halomonas, Dietzia, Brevibacterium, Paracoccus</ns4:italic>, <ns4:italic>Pseudovibrio, Pseudoalteromonas, </ns4:italic>and <ns4:italic>Pseudomonas</ns4:italic>. None of the 24 antimicrobial bacterial strains possessed type-1 polyketide synthases (PKS-I). One strain possessed type II polyketide synthases (PKS-II), and five strains possessed non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) genes. The amounts of bacterial genus and strains in the three nudibranchs differed significantly, as did the proportions of antimicrobial strains in each nudibranch species. The antibacterial strains isolated from <ns4:italic>G.</ns4:italic> <ns4:italic>atromarginata</ns4:italic> were the highest number (62.5%), followed by<ns4:italic> J. funebris</ns4:italic> (20.8%) and <ns4:italic>G.</ns4:italic> <ns4:italic>rubropapulosa</ns4:italic> (16.7%).</ns4:p><ns4:p> <ns4:bold>Conclusions:</ns4:bold> These results demonstrate that nudibranch species harbor prominent and varied communities of bacteria and reveal that many nudibranch-associated bacteria have the potential for the advancement of broad-spectrum antibiotics.</ns4:p>" @default.
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- W4224089611 date "2022-04-13" @default.
- W4224089611 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W4224089611 title "Diversity and antimicrobial activity of marine nudibranch associated bacteria against tropical human skin pathogens" @default.
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