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- W4224287079 endingPage "4109" @default.
- W4224287079 startingPage "4109" @default.
- W4224287079 abstract "Pathways regulating cell senescence and cell cycle underlie many processes associated with ageing and age-related pathologies, and they also mediate cellular responses to exposure to stressors. Meanwhile, there are central mechanisms of the regulation of stress responses that induce/enhance or weaken the response of the whole organism, such as hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, thymic hormones, and the pineal hormone melatonin. Although there are many analyses considering relationships between the HPA axis and organism ageing, we found no systematic analyses of relationships between the neuroendocrine regulators of stress and inflammation and intracellular mechanisms controlling cell cycle, senescence, and apoptosis. Here, we provide a review of the effects of neuroendocrine regulators on these mechanisms. Our analysis allowed us to postulate a multilevel system of central regulators involving neurotransmitters, glucocorticoids, melatonin, and the thymic hormones. This system finely regulates the cell cycle and metabolic/catabolic processes depending on the level of systemic stress, stage of stress response, and energy capabilities of the body, shifting the balance between cell cycle progression, cell cycle stopping, senescence, and apoptosis. These processes and levels of regulation should be considered when studying the mechanisms of ageing and the proliferation on the level of the whole organism." @default.
- W4224287079 created "2022-04-26" @default.
- W4224287079 creator A5002524495 @default.
- W4224287079 creator A5017780537 @default.
- W4224287079 creator A5018271024 @default.
- W4224287079 creator A5023264406 @default.
- W4224287079 creator A5035207363 @default.
- W4224287079 creator A5051065591 @default.
- W4224287079 date "2022-04-07" @default.
- W4224287079 modified "2023-10-05" @default.
- W4224287079 title "Cell Senescence and Central Regulators of Immune Response" @default.
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