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- W4224943658 abstract "In recent years enzymes had many applications, such as catalysts in organic synthesis and producing biosensors. In this study, nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) were functionalized with glutaraldehyde (NGQD-Glu) and used as a support for the immobilization of papain (NGQD-Glu-Papain). Immobilization of papain on NGQDs has considerably improved papain stability. So, with incubation of the enzymes at 70 °C, immobilized papain maintained 80% of its activity for 150 min while the free enzyme's residual activity was 55% after 50 min. The stability results in the presence of organic solvents showed that the immobilization increased papain stability, especially in polar solvents. The activity results showed that the K m value decreases from 2.02 g L −1 to 1.20 g L −1 after immobilization, and the V max value decreases from 932.1 μmol mg −1 min −1 to 62.5 μmol mg −1 min −1 . The fluorimetric studies showed that the NGQD-Glu-Papain is specific sensitive to cystatin C at concentrations ranging from 0.05 ng L −1 to 50 ng L −1 with a 0.05 ng L −1 of limit for detection. In conclusion, NGQDs can be suitable for enzyme stabilization and biosensor production. • Immobilization leads to enhanced enzymatic properties. • The stability of the immobilized enzyme has been significantly improved. • Immobilized papain is high stable in organic solvents and can be used as a catalyst. • Immobilized papain on nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots has biosensor properties. • This biosensor is specific for cystatin C with 0.05 ng L −1 of limit detection." @default.
- W4224943658 created "2022-04-28" @default.
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- W4224943658 date "2022-07-01" @default.
- W4224943658 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W4224943658 title "Immobilization of papain on nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots improves the enzymatic properties and makes it a biosensor for cystatin C" @default.
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- W4224943658 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2022.04.026" @default.
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