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- W4229851720 abstract "Plutonium generation and presence in the environment are primarily related to anthropogenic activities. The chemistry of plutonium is extremely complex which affects the fate, transport, and ultimate ecotoxicological effect. The metal is relatively immobile in terrestrial systems and typically remains in near-surface soils. Trophic transfer in terrestrial systems is minimal because of limited plant uptake and accumulation in edible animal tissues. In aquatic systems, sediments are the largest sink for the radionuclide, which results in the greatest metal concentrations in sediment-dwelling organisms. Bioaccumulation and bioconcentration in both marine and freshwater organisms have been identified, but biomagnification is negligible. The environmentally relevant plutonium isotopes decay by alpha emission, which can result in genotoxicity and cytotoxicity to cells and cell structures in the immediate vicinity of plutonium. The route of exposure dictates assimilation efficiency with inhalation leading to the greatest uptake and systemic distribution of plutonium. Ingestion has been shown to result in relatively low uptake relative to inhalation, and dermal exposures cause negligible uptake. The predominant target organs include the lung and bone, and to a lesser extent the liver and lymph nodes. Based upon current exposure levels in humans, risk of cancer has been identified as low." @default.
- W4229851720 created "2022-05-11" @default.
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- W4229851720 date "2008-01-01" @default.
- W4229851720 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W4229851720 title "Plutonium" @default.
- W4229851720 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-008045405-4.00422-5" @default.
- W4229851720 hasPublicationYear "2008" @default.
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