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• W4230714376 abstract "Many components of the immune system play diverse roles in lipid metabolism and vice versa. Macrophage immune functions, including pathogen clearance and apoptotic cell removal, depend on recognition of lipid ligands by surface and intracellular immune receptors and secreted lipid-binding molecules. Engagement of lipid receptors triggers an immune response, which is accompanied by de novo synthesis of bioactive lipids that help resolve inflammation. Oxidised lipids, byproducts of the oxidative burst, activate nuclear receptors, which not only orchestrate lipid homoeostasis but also cross-regulate NFκB-driven immune responses. Activation of macrophages leads to cytokine production and induction of the acute phase response, accompanied by systemic lipid changes. Lipoproteins and their components, as well as lipid transport molecules, are emerging as novel actors in innate immune defence. Key Concepts: Macrophages interact with cells and organs involved in lipid uptake, distribution and storage. The immune repertoire of macrophages and other immune cells includes a range of surface and intracellular lipid sensors that detect self and nonself lipids. Phagocytosis of pathogens and apoptotic cells is modulated by lipid ligands. The oxidative burst accompanying the immune response oxidises lipids and generates secondary messengers. The intracellular cholesterol content of macrophages is sensed by the endoplasmic reticulum and by lipid-binding nuclear receptors. Lipid-activated nuclear receptors including PPARs and LXRs adjust the transcriptome of macrophages and can modulate proinflammatory transcription factors such as NFκB. Systemic or chronic immune activation is accompanied by secretory changes in the liver, a process called acute phase response. Acute phase response proteins contribute to lipid scavenging in the circulation. Apolipoproteins, transport molecules that carry lipids through the circulation, show a versatile antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antitumour potential for therapy." @default.
• W4230714376 created "2022-05-11" @default.
• W4230714376 creator A5060388462 @default.
• W4230714376 creator A5078962163 @default.
• W4230714376 date "2014-07-15" @default.
• W4230714376 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
• W4230714376 title "Macrophages in Lipid and Immune Homeostasis" @default.
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• W4230714376 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470015902.a0021029.pub2" @default.
• W4230714376 hasPublicationYear "2014" @default.
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