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- W4230962541 abstract "A ‘simple ’ methodology, combining the use of Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) and the recently introduced DEBEN Enhanced Coolstage was successfully developed and not only used to study dynamic processes, e.g. different stages of latex film formation, but also for high resolution imaging of ‘freeze‐dried’ structures. By using the extended temperature capability of the DEBEN Enhanced Coolstage (−50 to +160 ° C) it is possible to easily convert any (E)SEM chamber into what essentially can be described as a freeze‐drying facility. By using this method it is also possible to preserve the structure and features of the studied system with minimum shrinkage and distortion and in the case of polymer latices at a desired stage of film formation. Moreover, specimens can then be readily imaged, without the need of conductive coatings and at much lower chamber gas pressures, thus minimising the beam skirting effects and allowing higher resolutions to be achieved. In this study this is clearly demonstrated ( Figure 1 & 2 ) using a model poly‐methyl methacrylate based latex dispersion; under ‘wet’ (partially dehydrating) conditions, whilst the individual particles can be seen it is difficult to distinguish them and any associated boundaries and/or arrangements, whether cubic or hexagonal; better images, as shown can be obtained from air‐dried specimens, but this limits the time‐frame of possible observations. However, subsequent freeze drying, as expected, resulted in the observation of a well‐defined and more stable (in imaging terms) structure; it was also possible to image individual particles and their interactions at much higher resolutions. It is strongly believed that the methodology can be applied to other material systems, including biologicals and pharmaceuticals." @default.
- W4230962541 created "2022-05-11" @default.
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- W4230962541 date "2016-12-20" @default.
- W4230962541 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W4230962541 title "Using the Deben Enhanced Coolstage for in-situ (E)SEM freeze-drying & high resolution imaging of polymer latices" @default.
- W4230962541 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527808465.emc2016.5955" @default.
- W4230962541 hasPublicationYear "2016" @default.
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