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- W4230967546 abstract "Nitrate-metabolising bacteria were isolated from estuarine sediment in carbon-limited anaerobic chemostats with nitrate as the only electron acceptor, at constant low temperature (5°C), constant high temperature (20°C), or square wave temperature cycle (5–20°C over 24 h). The steady-state communities isolated were sampled randomly, and isolates identified. At constant 20°C and under cycling temperature the communities were dominated by bacteria with obligately fermentative metabolism; Klebsiella spp. at 20°C and Enterobacter spp. in cycling temperature, which were nitrate-ammonifiers. The dominant isolates at 5°C were bacteria with the capacity for oxidative, respiratory metabolism, which were able to denitrify. The physiologies of representative isolates of these two distinct high and low temperature communities were examined further. An Arrhenius plot for growth of the 20°C isolate A1 (Klebsiella oxytoca) increased linearly from 10°C up to the optimum at 28°C, but decreased above the optimum and at temperatures <10°C. A1 was unable to grow at 5°C. The unidentifiable 5°C isolate (E3) was capable of both fermentative and oxidative metabolism, but when respiring nitrate the Arrhenius plot for growth was linear between 3–18°C with an optimum at 19°C. A cross-over in μmax of these two isolates occurred at about 23°C. The ability of each bacterium to scavenge nitrate was examined in anaerobic nitrate-limited chemostats, measuring the specific affinity (aA) of each bacterium for nitrate at different temperatures. Specific affinity for nitrate increased with temperature in both bacteria, indicating an improved ability to sequester nitrate at higher temperatures. Isolate A1 had a higher aA for nitrate than E3 at 20°C, but E3 had a higher aA at low temperature. A crossover in the specific affinities of these two bacteria occurred between 5 and 20°C, so that A1 was better able to sequester nitrate at high temperature while E3 was more effective in sequestering nitrate at lower temperature. We propose that at low temperature denitrifying bacteria predominate in estuarine sediments as they are selected by their improved ability to scavenge limited concentrations of nitrate at low temperature, whereas fermentative nitrate-ammonifiers are better competitors for nitrate at the higher summer temperatures. Seasonal changes in environmental temperature therefore result in seasonal selection of different nitrate-utilising communities." @default.
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- W4230967546 date "1997-05-01" @default.
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- W4230967546 title "Selection by temperature of nitrate-reducing bacteria from estuarine sediments: species composition and competition for nitrate" @default.
- W4230967546 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-6496(97)00004-4" @default.
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