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- W4232660162 abstract "Eradicating poliomyelitis presents many challenges. Financing essential activities can be difficult when donors fail to meet funding targets (a US$60 million funding gap currently exists for the fourth quarter of 2007). Security issues in two of the four polio-endemic countries—Afghanistan and Pakistan—make access to children difficult for immunisation teams. And in Nigeria, low vaccine coverage and an outbreak of disease from vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) could set back global eradication efforts. Over the past 10 years there have been nine outbreaks of poliomyelitis derived from the oral vaccine in nine countries. Nigeria has seen the largest outbreak; 69 children have been paralysed this year. VDPVs are rare but occur when the live virus in an oral polio vaccine mutates and reverts to neurovirulence. This loss of attenuation does not matter so much in populations who are fully immunised with oral vaccine, since they will be protected from wild and vaccine-derived poliovirus, but in Nigeria, where vaccine coverage is 39% (and even lower in some northern states), it is a problem. WHO and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have known about the outbreak of VDPV since September, 2006, but only went public with the information in April this year, fuelling speculation that they were concerned about another backlash against the vaccine. Nigeria's vaccination rates have still not recovered from false rumours about the oral vaccine's safety, which derailed the country's eradication campaign in 2003. Unfortunately, the delay in going public with VDPV, whatever the reason, might make Nigerians even more suspicious of the vaccine. VDPVs that have circulated in other countries have been rapidly stopped with two or three immunisation campaigns. In the past year, Nigeria has had four rounds of supplementary activity but VDPV has not been stamped out. Nigeria needs to get vaccine coverage to over 90% to eliminate both wild and vaccine-derived poliovirus. Communicating the fact that getting rid of VDPV means more vaccination, will pose a substantial public-health advocacy challenge that must have the support of Nigeria's leaders." @default.
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- W4232660162 date "2007-10-01" @default.
- W4232660162 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W4232660162 title "Vaccine-derived poliomyelitis in Nigeria" @default.
- W4232660162 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61585-2" @default.
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