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- W4233832406 abstract "This chapter describes 12 tarsal bones from Sterkfontein, and compares them to those of extant hominoids and other fossil hominins, adding new analyses for some of the bones which have been studied previously. In general, the Sterkfontein calcanei and tali more closely resemble those attributed to <italic>Australopithecus sediba</italic> from nearby Malapa than to <italic>Australopithecus afarensis</italic> tarsals from Hadar, Ethiopia. Overall, the bones are similar to those of humans, but African ape-like characters indicating selection on adaptive use of arboreal substrates are persistent throughout the Sterkfontein tarsals, although more prevalent on some bones than on others. Planes of the navicular and first metatarsal facets on the medial cuneiform are relatively parallel, suggesting the hallux was not notably divergent from the metatarsus. However, the anteroposteriorly short intermediate and lateral cuneiforms suggest that the anterior tarsal row had not yet elongated as in modern humans, adversely affecting the foot’s ability to serve as a rigid lever. A large groove for the flexor hallucis longus muscle and large navicular tubercle may be related to strong grasping and climbing. Overall, the Sterkfontein tarsal elements show mixture of modern human-like and African ape-like features." @default.
- W4233832406 created "2022-05-12" @default.
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- W4233832406 date "2020-04-02" @default.
- W4233832406 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W4233832406 title "Tarsals" @default.
- W4233832406 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197507667.003.0014" @default.
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