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- W4235575680 abstract "Having examined the glass-forming criteria and the morphological features in glasses, we will now look into the atomic configurations which are thought to be present in various glass compositions of scientific and commercial interest. Clearly, it should be understood that the proposed configurations are those believed generally. Occasional challenges to such beliefs do exist. The chapter is introduced by first discussing the various ways in which glass formulae are presented. Silica glass is formed by connecting nearly perfect SiO4 tetrahedra at the oxygen corners and extending into three dimensions forming connected rings. Alkali silicate glass structure is made by breaking an oxygen bridge to form two nonbridging oxygens (NBO) and introducing the alkali ion, a network modifying (NWM) ion, into the interstitial space on a no-net-charge basis. Like Si4 +, B3 + is a network-forming (NWF) ion. Whereas in B2O3 glass the B is triangularly coordinated (B3), presumably forming boroxol rings, the addition of one alkali ion converts one B3 to one B4. In aluminosilicate glasses, the Al3 + goes in either as a tetrahedrally coordinated NWF ion or as an octahedrally coordinated NWM ion. In phosphate glasses, P5 + prefers to be in tetrahedral coordination. This then allows the formation of rings, layers, and molecules. In covalently coordinated glasses, the atomic coordination is given by Mott's “8 − N” rule, where N is the number of valence electrons. In chalogenides, the group 16 chalcogen atoms, viz., S, Se, and Te are two-coordinated forming chains, which are then cross-linked by three-coordinated elements such as As and Sb, and four-coordinated elements such as Ge and Si. In metallic glasses, there are neither coordination nor ionic or covalency restrictions. Metal-organic frameworks are the newest family of glass-forming chemistry and offer a wealth of opportunities for designing glasses with unique properties combining mixed inorganic-organic features of the network." @default.
- W4235575680 created "2022-05-12" @default.
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- W4235575680 date "2019-01-01" @default.
- W4235575680 modified "2023-10-12" @default.
- W4235575680 title "Glass compositions and structures" @default.
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- W4235575680 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-816225-5.00005-5" @default.
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