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- W4236004598 abstract "As filtering organs, the kidneys are almost constantly exposed to mixtures of toxic chemicals and their metabolites, including halogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, glycol ethers, pesticides, heavy metals, and metabolites of other xenobiotics. Several single chemical renal toxins and nephrotoxic effects of mixed chemicals have been studied in detail in this chapter. Laboratory animal studies, however, have demonstrated and human observations have observed that the kidneys are subject to unanticipated toxic effects when living beings are exposed to mixtures of toxic chemicals. Large numbers of chemicals, including organic and inorganic, comprising a wide variety of functionalities are nephrotoxic. Many of the nephrotoxic effects are the result of OS and electron transfer parent compounds or metabolites giving rise to an ROS. Given the almost constant exposure of humans to toxic chemicals through air pollution, water pollution, or food contamination and the filtration function of the kidneys, one could easily argue that the kidneys are almost constantly exposed to mixtures of toxic chemicals and that the uptake of additional xenobiotic chemicals creates new mixtures. As we have seen earlier, many single chemicals have been shown to be renal." @default.
- W4236004598 created "2022-05-12" @default.
- W4236004598 creator A5008520278 @default.
- W4236004598 date "2011-01-01" @default.
- W4236004598 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W4236004598 title "Kidneys" @default.
- W4236004598 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4377-3463-8.00031-x" @default.
- W4236004598 hasPublicationYear "2011" @default.
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