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• W4236027309 endingPage "559" @default.
• W4236027309 startingPage "551" @default.
• W4236027309 abstract "To discuss the recent literature on paternal obesity, focusing on the possible mechanisms of transmission of the phenotypes from the father to the children. A non‐systematic review in the PubMed database found few publications in which paternal obesity was implicated in the adverse transmission of characteristics to offspring. Specific articles on epigenetics were also evaluated. As the subject is recent and still controversial, all articles were considered regardless of year of publication. Studies in humans and animals have established that paternal obesity impairs their hormones, metabolism, and sperm function, which can be transmitted to their offspring. In humans, paternal obesity results in insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes and increased levels of cortisol in umbilical cord blood, which increases the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Notably, there is an association between body fat in parents and the prevalence of obesity in their daughters. In animals, paternal obesity led to offspring alterations on glucose‐insulin homeostasis, hepatic lipogenesis, hypothalamus/feeding behavior, kidney of the offspring; it also impairs the reproductive potential of male offspring with sperm oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. An explanation for these observations (human and animal) is epigenetics, considered the primary tool for the transmission of phenotypes from the father to offspring, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non‐coding RNA. Paternal obesity can induce programmed phenotypes in offspring through epigenetics. Therefore, it can be considered a public health problem, affecting the children's future life. Discutir a literatura recente sobre obesidade paterna, focalizando os possíveis mecanismos de transmissão dos fenótipos do pai para os filhos. Uma revisão não‐sistemática no banco de dados PubMed encontrou poucas publicações com obesidade paterna implicada com a transmissão adversa das características à prole. Artigos específicos sobre epigenética também foram avaliados. Como o assunto é recente e ainda controverso, todos os trabalhos foram considerados independentemente do ano de publicação. Estudos em seres humanos e animais estabeleceram que a obesidade do pai prejudica seus hormônios, metabolismo e função espermática, que pode ser transmitida à prole. Em humanos, a obesidade paterna resulta em resistência à insulina / diabetes tipo 2 e aumento do nível de cortisol no sangue do cordão umbilical, que aumenta os fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular. Notavelmente, existe associação entre a gordura corporal nos pais e a prevalência de obesidade em suas filhas. Em animais, pais obesos condicionam, na prole, a homeostase glicose‐insulina, lipogênese hepática, hipotálamo / comportamento alimentar, rim, prejudicam o potencial reprodutivo da prole masculina com estresse oxidativo espermático e disfunção mitocondrial. Uma explicação para estas observações (humanos e animais) é a epigenética, considerada a ferramenta básica para a transmissão de fenótipos do pai à prole, como a metilação do DNA, modificações nas histonas, e RNA não codificante. A obesidade paterna pode induzir fenótipos programados na prole através da epigenética. Portanto, a obesidade paterna pode ser considerada um problema de saúde pública, afetando a vida futura das crianças." @default.
• W4236027309 created "2022-05-12" @default.
• W4236027309 creator A5034290493 @default.
• W4236027309 creator A5045793670 @default.
• W4236027309 creator A5049683686 @default.
• W4236027309 creator A5084203631 @default.
• W4236027309 date "2017-11-01" @default.
• W4236027309 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W4236027309 title "Obese fathers lead to an altered metabolism and obesity in their children in adulthood: review of experimental and human studies" @default.
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• W4236027309 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedp.2017.08.006" @default.
• W4236027309 hasPublicationYear "2017" @default.
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