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- W4236067186 abstract "The intravenous LD 50 of sarin, alone and in combination with antagonists, has been determined in mice by a procedure standardized to control certain variables, namely rate of injection, weight, and sex of animals, and volume of fluid injected, all of which are known to influence the test.Trial of the antagonistic potency of atropine sulphate against sarin and paraoxon was also made in anaesthetized animals belonging to four additional species—cat, dog, rabbit, and monkey. Relatively fewer animals were used and a graded response (effect on the respiratory volume) was used for assessment, as well as the quantal response of death or survival. Pentamethonium was studied for its adjuvant action as an antagonist in these species. Varying with the species, a wide difference is shown to exist in the protection afforded by atropine sulphate against intravenous sarin. Thus prior atropinization was found to increase resistance in the monkey one thousand times, in the dog about one hundred and fifty times, in the cat about ten times, in the rabbit about three times, and in the mouse less than twice. A parallel, but less extreme, species difference was found to exist in the protection afforded by atropine against intravenous paraoxon.A synergistic effect was obtained when pentamethonium bromide was given along with atropine, part at least of which is attributable to improved conduction at the neuromuscular junction. Its value as a synergist was greatest in those species where the antagonistic potency of atropine was least. To obtain the maximum benefit from the combination of atropine sulphate and pentamethonium bromide in mice it was necessary to give them aftercare in the form of warmth and oxygen.Three oximes, and one hydroxamic acid, were tested in mice in combination with the therapy described. None of the four conferred any added benefit, nor did they allow aftercare to be dispensed with.Prior administration of pentobarbital intravenously was not found to lessen the toxicity of sarin to mice." @default.
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- W4236067186 date "1957-01-01" @default.
- W4236067186 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W4236067186 title "SARIN AND PARAOXON ANTAGONISM IN DIFFERENT SPECIES" @default.
- W4236067186 cites W2028253084 @default.
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- W4236067186 doi "https://doi.org/10.1139/y57-123" @default.
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