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- W4236648809 abstract "In common with lumps anywhere on the body, you will need to establish: • Is the lump painful? This is an absolutely critical question. An acutely swollen and tender scrotum is testicular torsion until proven otherwise, which is a surgical emergency. Most cases of testicular malignancy are not painful. • How long has the lump been there? A testicular torsion will only have been present for hours whereas a testicular tumour may have been present for weeks/months. • What made the patient first notice the lump? It may be that Mr Collons checks his testes regularly, but it is equally likely that this is a chance finding, perhaps following some minor trauma to his scrotum. • Has the lump got bigger, smaller, or stayed the same size? • Is the lump always there? This is not such a strange question as it may sound. An inguinal hernia may extend into the scrotum in response to increases in intra-abdominal pressure, such as during periods of exertion or after prolonged periods of standing. Varicoceles can vary in size throughout the day, and will typically disappear when the patient lies flat. • Are there any other lumps? The pathology may not be confined just to the testicles. • Does he have any other symptoms? You should ask about symptoms of urinary tract infection (dysuria, polyuria, suprapubic pain, offensive-smelling urine, urgency, strangury, haematuria) and symptoms suggestive of sexually transmitted infections (such as purulent urethral discharge) in order to identify possible sources of infection which may have ascended into the testis and/or epididymis. • Has there been any trauma to the testes? There is one further question that can be particularly informative regarding scrotal swellings: • Does the testis feel heavy? While there are no symptoms that are truly pathognomonic for testicular cancer, this symptom should raise suspicions… if clinical examination supports the diagnosis. • Can you get above it? Meaning, is the swelling confined to the scrotum or does it extend proximally into the groin? Extension of the mass into the groin is consistent with an inguinoscrotal hernia." @default.
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- W4236648809 date "2015-10-08" @default.
- W4236648809 modified "2023-09-29" @default.
- W4236648809 title "Scrotal mass" @default.
- W4236648809 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198716228.003.0031" @default.
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