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• W4237102980 abstract "La incidencia de melanoma cutáneo está aumentando progresivamente en Occidente, debido a los hábitos de exposición solar y a una mayor tendencia a consultar lesiones cutáneas. En España se diagnostican al año unos 6.179 casos nuevos al año de melanoma cutáneo. El melanoma es una patología potencialmente curable en los estadios tempranos, lo que obliga a una detección precoz. La mayoría de los melanomas son detectados por el propio paciente. Los sospechados por los médicos de Atención Primaria y dermatólogos suelen presentar estadios más precoces, lo que aumenta la supervivencia. El tratamiento quirúrgico del melanoma es fundamental para el diagnóstico, estadificación y tratamiento adyuvante. A pesar de que la mayoría de los pacientes con melanoma se diagnostican en estadios iniciales, algunos pacientes presentan metástasis a distancia en el momento del diagnóstico y otros desarrollarán metástasis a distancia tras su cirugía inicial. En los últimos años se han realizados múltiples ensayos clínicos que llevaron a la aprobación de fármacos que han cambiado la evolución pronóstica. Los tratamientos de inmunoterapia con inhibidores de PD1 y anti-CTLA4 y la terapia dirigida con inhibidores de BRAF y de MEK han demostrado prolongar la supervivencia global en el melanoma metastásico en comparación con la quimioterapia, lo que ha permitido cambiar el pronóstico en este tipo de pacientes, manteniendo la calidad de vida. The incidence of cutaneous melanoma is progressive increasing in the West due to sun exposure habits and a greater tendency of consulting for skin lesions. In Spain, approximately 6,179 new cases of cutaneous melanoma are diagnosed per year. Melanoma is a potentially curable pathology in its initial stages, which makes its early detection necessary. The majority of melanomas are detected by the patient. Lesions suspected of being melanoma by primary care physicians and dermatologists tend to be found in earlier stages, which increases survival. Surgical treatment of melanoma is fundamental to diagnosis, staging, and adjuvant treatment. Despite the fact that the majority of patients with melanoma are diagnosed in the initial stages, some patients present with distant metastases at the time of diagnosis and others will develop distant metastases following their initial surgery. In recent years, multiple clinical trials have been conducted which have led to the approval of drugs that have changed the evolution of its prognosis. Immunotherapy treatments with PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 inhibitors and targeted therapies with BRAF and MEK inhibitors have been shown to prolong overall survival in metastatic melanoma compared to chemotherapy, which has allowed for a change in the prognosis for this type of patient while maintaining quality of life." @default.
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• W4237102980 date "2021-03-01" @default.
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• W4237102980 title "Melanoma cutáneo" @default.
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